Meeting of the Combined Chiefs of Staff, 2:30 p.m.
CCS 193rd Meeting
Present | |||
---|---|---|---|
United States | United Kingdom | ||
Fleet Admiral Leahy | Field Marshal Brooke | ||
General of the Army Marshall | Marshal of the Royal Air Force Portal | ||
Fleet Admiral King | Admiral of the Fleet Cunningham | ||
General of the Army Arnold | Field Marshal Wilson | ||
General Somervell | General Ismay | ||
Lieutenant General Hull | Lieutenant-General Macready | ||
Vice Admiral Cooke | Major-General Laycock | ||
Major General Norstad | Major-General Hollis | ||
Captain McDill | |||
Captain Oster | |||
Secretariat | |||
Brigadier General McFarland | Captain Moore | ||
Brigadier Cornwall-Jones | Lieutenant-Colonel Haddon |
CCS Minutes
Potsdam, July 16, 1945, 2:30 p.m.
Top secret
Program and Procedure for the Conference (CCS 880/9 and 880/10)
The Combined Chiefs of Staff: Approved CCS 880/10.
Estimate of the Enemy Situation (CCS 643/3)
Sir Alan Brooke referred to the last sentence on page 10 of the paper where the survival of the institution of the Emperor was mentioned. He asked whether the United States Chiefs of Staff had given any thought to the question of the interpretation of the term “unconditional surrender.” From the military point of view, it seemed to the British Chiefs of Staff that there might be some advantage in trying to explain this term to the Japanese in a manner which would ensure that the war was not unduly prolonged in outlying areas. If, for instance, an interpretation could be found and communicated to the Japanese which did not involve the dissolution of the Imperial institution, the Emperor would be in a position to order the ceasefire in outlying areas whereas, if the dynasty were destroyed, the outlying garrisons might continue to fight for many months or years. If an interpretation on these lines could be found an opportune moment to make it clear to the Japanese might be shortly after a Russian entry into the war.
The United States Chiefs of Staff explained that considerable thought had been given to this subject on the political level. One suggestion was that some form of agreed ultimatum might be issued at the correct psychological moment, for example, on Russian entry into the war, the idea being to explain what the term “unconditional surrender” did not mean rather than what it did mean.
Admiral Leahy suggested that as the matter was clearly a political one primarily, it would be very useful if the Prime Minister put forward to the President his views and suggestions as to how the term “unconditional surrender” might be explained to the Japanese.
The Combined Chiefs of Staff:
a. Took note of the estimate of the enemy situation in CCS 643/3.
b. Invited the British Chiefs of Staff to consider the possibility of asking the Prime Minister to raise with the President the matter of unconditional surrender of Japan.
Progress Reports on Operations in the Pacific and Southeast Asia Command (CCS 892 and 893)
Sir Alan Brooke said that the only area not dealt with in these two reports was the China Theater. The British Chiefs of Staff would welcome a report of progress in this theater.
General Marshall described certain features of the operations in the China Theater, particularly as to the effectiveness of Chinese troops when properly equipped. He further stated that a report of operations in the China Theater would be prepared and presented to the Combined Chiefs of Staff.
The Combined Chiefs of Staff: Took note:
a. Of the progress report on operations in the Pacific and Southeast Asia Command in CCS 892 and CCS 893.
b. That the United States Chiefs of Staff would submit later a report on operations in China.
Development of Operations in the Pacific (CCS 880/4)
The Combined Chiefs of Staff: Took note of the memorandum on the development of operations in the Pacific in CCS 880/4.
Report on Army Air Operations in the War Against Japan (CCS 894)
General Arnold commented in detail on certain aspects of the report.
The Combined Chiefs of Staff: Took note of the report on Army air operations in the war against Japan in CCS 894, and of General Arnold’s explanatory remarks.