The Pittsburgh Press (April 25, 1945)
Chaos, panic in Berlin
Nazi leaders flee as Russians overrun two-thirds of capital
BULLETIN
LONDON, England (UP) – Two Red armies completed the encirclement of Berlin today, snapping a trap on its fanatical Nazi defenders and dooming them to surrender or stand and die without hope of reinforcement. Marshal Stalin announced the encirclement.
LONDON, England (UP) – High Nazi officials were reported fleeing by air today from siege-wracked Berlin.
Moscow dispatches said chaos and panic were rampant in the German capital and the climax of the war’s most spectacular battle was near.
A half to two-thirds of Berlin had been overrun and ground to rubble by two Russian armies which now had joined forces in the city for the final onslaught.
The Luxembourg radio quoted Moscow dispatches as saying that the topmost ranks of the Nazi hierarchy had begun to leave Berlin by air.
The great Tempelhof Airport and perhaps one other takeoff base apparently were still in German hands.
The report coincided with some indications that Adolf Hitler – himself persistently reported by the Germans to be directing the defense of Berlin – was pouring in the last remnants of his almost vanished fighting power for a last stand by Nazism in the ruins of the city where it flowered.
Gain in South Berlin
The German High Command admitted that in South Berlin, the Russians had reached a line through Neukoelln, in which the Tempelhof Airport is situated; Zehlendorf, five miles southwest of Potsdamer Platz, and Babelsberg, the “Hollywood” of Germany and site of the big UFA studios 2½ miles east of Potsdam.
A communiqué said other Soviet forces were in the area of Ketzin, on the Havel 10 miles northwest of Potsdam, indicating that whatever gap the Nazis still had out of Berlin was shrinking fast.
Emerge from subways
Red Star, the Soviet Army journal, said Russian assault units were smashing block by block to the center of Berlin, and German machine-gunners were emerging from subway tunnels for their last gasps of fanatical resistance.
Another Moscow report said the desperate Germans were shifting troops around Berlin in subway trains in frantic attempts to stem the Red Army threats erupting in widespread and unexpected quarters.
Russian forces were reported detached to burrow underground and slash the subway lifelines, and Moscow said the battle underground was raging with unabated fury even as the fate of the city was being decided on the surface.
‘Days are numbered’
Military observers recalled that in February a Nazi commentator, Max Krull, said that the “situation will not be desperate until the German soldiers ride to the front line on Berlin’s subway.”
In Moscow, the Communist Party newspaper Pravda said in an editorial:
Berlin is aflame. Chaos and panic have seized the capital. The denouement is approaching. Its days are numbered.
The Moscow News reported that as a result of Anglo-American bombing, little was left of Unter den Linden, Alexander Platz, and other historics of Berlin.
Junction reported
A junction of U.S. and Russian forces south of Berlin was expected to be announced momentarily by Washington, Moscow and London.
A United Press dispatch from Moscow yesterday said the junction had already occurred, but a staff officer for the U.S. First Army denied the report. First Army quarters expected the junction today.
Marshal Konev’s First Ukrainian Army closed up to or near the Elbe River opposite the U.S. First Army along a 54-mile front yesterday. Grossenhain, 15 miles northwest of Dresden, was captured by the Russians.
Link up in Berlin
Marshal Konev’s army linked up with Marshal Zhukov’s First White Russian Army in eastern Berlin yesterday. Together they cleared 12 more districts of the city to bring 180 of Berlin’s 332 square miles under Soviet control.
Marshal Zhukov’s forces also whipped 15 miles around the northern outskirts of Berlin and cut the capital’s last railway and superhighway to Hamburg and the northern redoubt along the North Sea. They pushed to within three miles of a secondary, roundabout railway to Hamburg after capturing Nauen, 23 miles due west of the center of Berlin.
Soviet accounts indicated the Germans still held a 10-mile-wide corridor open west of Berlin yesterday, but it was being churned into a death trap by a deluge of shells and bombs.
Told to hold on
Paul Joseph Goebbels, Nazi Propaganda Minister and Gauleiter of Berlin, appealed by radio to its inhabitants to hold on until “considerable” reinforcements en route could join the battle and turn the tide.
There was some speculation that Goebbels’ speech was a transcription made several days ago. Neutral sources reported earlier this week that he had fled Berlin, possibly to Norway.
The German-controlled Scandinavian Telegraph Bureau said Hitler was directing the defense of Berlin from a subterranean fortress under the high command building on Bendlerstrasse, already under Soviet artillery fire.
Take station
Marshal Zhukov’s First White Russian Army drove seven miles inside Berlin yesterday and captured the big Schlesisches (Silesian) railway station on the east bank of the Spree River 2½ miles east of Potsdamer Platz, geographical center of the capital, and a mile from Alexander Platz.
The First Army also captured the district of Horst Wessel and the northern districts of Tegel, Wittenau and Reinickendorf, the latter three miles above Potsdamer Platz.
Smashing across the Dahme River, Marshal Zhukov’s troops cleared Adlershof, Rudow, Altglienicke and Bohnsdorf districts and linked up with Marshal Konev’s First Ukrainian Army.
Near Berlin airport
The southern districts of Mariendorf, Lankwitz, Osdorf and Stahnsdorf fell to the Ukrainian Army. Mariendorf is three miles south of Potsdamer Platz and is separated from Tempelhof Airport only by the Tetlow Canal.
A late Hamburg broadcast said the Germans had only two remaining highways out of Berlin, those leading to Mecklenburg and Wittenburg.
The junction of the two armies in Berlin also completed the encirclement of a 2,000-square-mile German pocket looping across the lake and river-laced southeast approaches of the capital.