America at war! (1941–) – Part 4

americavotes1944

War front observers believe –
Stokes: Big soldier vote likely to upset election polls

Taft irked by War Department’s efficiency in distributing ballots
By Thomas L. Stokes, Scripps-Howard staff writer

Washington –
There is likely to be a rather sizable soldier vote, larger perhaps than generally expected.

This is indicated by the efficiency of the War Department system for distributing ballots, as observed by some who have returned from abroad. Voting is being made easy for the soldiers, much easier, in fact, than it is for civilians here at home.

Consequently, current election polls must be considered conditionally. They do not include the soldier vote, for they have no way to gauge it. President Roosevelt is generally conceded the edge among the soldiers, and the soldier vote may be decisive in a number of large states now counted for Governor Dewey.

Many applications received

The War Department has about completed distribution of postcard applications for ballots, which the soldiers fill out and send back. The Army’s deadline for this job was Aug. 15. Many thousands of postcard applications have been received and distributed through secretaries of state. A third of the states have already begun to mail ballots to the soldiers.

One competent observer who has lived with troops since the invasion of Africa offers an interesting analysis. Although there is no apparently burning political interest among troops, he said, the ease with which they can vote will lead many to fill out their ballots who otherwise would not take the trouble.

Filling out their ballots will be just something else to do something about which they can gossip and joke as soldiers will.

Too perfect for Taft

Senator Robert Taft (R-OH), who led the successful fight for use of state ballots rather than a short federal ballot, seems to be convinced now that there is going to be a substantial soldier vote.

Now that the War Department has worked out an efficient system, Mr. Taft is apparently not happy about it. It seems to be too perfect; one would judge from the tenor of his remarks in the Senate. He harked back to charge that War Department representatives “cooperated 100 percent with the extreme New Dealers and the CIO Political Action Committee in support of a clearly unconstitutional federal ballot carrying no names except those of the candidates for President.”

He said:

The Department has now set up an organization to get out the vote, extending to the smaller units, on a scale which no political organization could possibly duplicate among the civilian population.

Senator’s dander aroused

The Senator’s dander was up, perhaps because he was in the process of eating a little crow. He made his remarks while the Senate was passing legislation relaxing censorship restrictions on books, magazines and moving pictures for soldiers, placed in the soldier vote bill at his instigation.

The zealous effort of Republicans, led by Senator Taft, to keep anything that smacked of propaganda from the troops may turn out, in the end, to their disadvantage.

In trying to bar anything favorable to President Roosevelt, they also barred anything favorable to Governor Dewey.

President Roosevelt is known to every soldier. The Republican candidate is not so well known.

Völkischer Beobachter (August 18, 1944)

Der Gegner an der mittleren Loire –
Der Bewegungskrieg im Westen

In Erwartung einer US-Offensiver im Pazifik –
Japan bestimmt Zeit und Ort

Jahrestag eines abgefeimten Betrugs –
Auf den Trümmern der Potomac-Lüge

Im Schlepp der USA

Aufschlussreicher Bericht –
Kommunisten in US-Behörden

Stockholm, 17. August –
Unter der Überschrift „The Federal Government Harbor Communist Cells“ greift Lawrence Sullivan im San Francisco Examiner die Roosevelt-Regierung an. Er schreibt, 20 Jahre lang sei der nordamerikanische Kommunismus vor dem Jahre 1933 nur eine Knallerbsenbewegung gewesen. Der Kommunismus habe seine wütenden Verwünschungen gegen Arbeitgeber, Reichtum, Besitz, Handel und Familie gebellt, aber niemand habe ihm ernstlich geglaubt, daß die amerikanische Wirtschaftsstruktur ein Versager sei. Dann hätte der Kommunismus seine Hauptquartiere nach Washington verlegt, und nun seien die USA einem intensiven und systematischen Feldzug unterworfen worden, der sogar von einigen der neuen Behörden der Bundesregierung geleitet und koordiniert worden sei. Dieses Treiben habe darauf hingezielt, Demokratie und Kommunismus zu gleichartigen Begriffen zu stempeln. Das Ergebnis sei, daß jede Regierungsbehörde heute eine kommunistische Stelle beherrsche.

Dieses Untergrundnetzwerk innerhalb der nordamerikanischen Regierungsstruktur, fährt der Verfasser fort, sei in seinen Einzelheiten in einem am 25. Juni 1942 vom Dies-Komitee dem Kongress dargelegt worden. Aber der Kongress sei machtlos gegen die radikalen Extremisten der Behörden. Diese unsichtbare Regierung habe den Willen der Mehrheit, wie er in den Beschlüssen des Kongresses sich ausdrücke, umgangen und zerstört.

Innsbrucker Nachrichten (August 18, 1944)

Die Enge zwischen Argentan und Falaise erweitert

Schwere Kämpfe bei Chartres und in Orléans – Die Besatzung von Saint-Malo der Übermacht erlegen – Erbittertes Ringen im Osten

Aus dem Führerhauptquartier, 18. August –
Das Oberkommando der Wehrmacht gibt bekannt:

In der Normandie wurde der westlich der Orne weit vorspringende Frontbogen hinter den Fluss zurückgenommen. Der Feind versuchte mit starken Kräften im Raum östlich und nordöstlich Falaise von Norden her in diese Stellung hereinzubrechen, wurde jedoch nach erbitterten Kämpfen zum Stehen gebracht. Unsere Gegenangriffe im Raum von Argentan zerschlugen feindliche Umgehungsgruppen und erweiterten dadurch die Enge zwischen Falaise und Argentan. Um Chartres wird weiter erbittert gekämpft. Auch in Orleans tobten den ganzen Tag hindurch erbitterte Straßenkämpfe mit amerikanischen Truppen, die sich im Verlauf der Kämpfe in den Besitz der Stadt setzen konnten.

Die Besatzung von Saint-Malo ist der feindlichen Übermacht erlegen. Unaufhörlich unter schwerstem Beschuss konnte sie sich, nachdem sämtliche schweren Waffen ausgefallen waren, zuletzt nur noch mit Handwaffen zur Wehr setzen. Soldaten aller Wehrmachtteile, unter ihrem Kommandanten Oberst von Aulock, haben hier dem Ansturm stärkster feindlicher Kräfte in fast dreiwöchigem, heldenhaftem Ringen standgehalten und dem Gegner hohe blutige Verluste zugefügt. Ihr Kampf wird in die Geschichte eingehen.

In Südfrankreich konnte der Feind seinen Brückenkopf zwischen Toulon und Cannes erweitern und verstärken. Unsere Sicherungs- und Sperrverbände wiesen gepanzerte feindliche Aufklärungskräfte, die weiter nach Norden vorfühlten, ab. Mehrere Versuche des Gegners, westlich Toulon neue Truppen zu landen, scheiterten.

Durch Kampfmittel der Kriegsmarine wurden in der Seinebucht zwei feindliche Zerstörer und vier Transporter mit 25.000 BRT versenkt, ein größerer Transporter von 15.000 bis 20.000 BRT und acht weitere Schiffe mit zusammen 48.000 BRT wurden torpediert. Mit ihrem Sinken kann auf Grund der beobachteten schweren Detonationen gerechnet werden.

Vor der südfranzösischen Küste versenkte eine Marineküstenbatterie zwei feindliche Minenräumboote und beschädigte einen Zerstörer.

Schweres „V1“-Vergeltungsfeuer liegt bei Tag und Nacht auf dem Großraum von London.

In Italien wurden mehrere feindliche Übersetzversuche über den Arno und zahlreiche Aufklärungsvorstöße abgewiesen.

Im Osten wiesen rumänische Truppen Übersetzversuche der Sowjets über den unteren Dnjestr ab. Im Karpatenvorland sind westlich Sanok und nordwestlich Krosno wieder heftige Kämpfe im Gange.

Im Weichselbrückenkopf von Baranow scheiterten wiederholte Angriffe der Bolschewisten. Panzer und Panzergrenadiere brachen hierbei im Gegenangriff zähen feindlichen Widerstand und warfen die Sowjets zurück. Eine größere Anzahl feindlicher Panzer wurde abgeschossen.

Beiderseits Wilkowischken setzten die Sowjets mit 14 Schützendivisionen und mehreren Panzerbrigaden, von zahlreichen Schlachtfliegern unterstützt, ihre Angriffe fort. Wilkowischken ging erneut verloren. Bei Raseinen wurden wiederholte Angriffe des Feindes zerschlagen. Durch wirksame Angriffe unserer Schlachtfliegerverbände hatten die Bolschewisten hohe Verluste. Allein in Luftkämpfen wurden in diesem Frontabschnitt 56 feindliche Flugzeuge abgeschossen.

An der lettischen Front brachen die feindlichen Durchbruchsversuche nördlich Birsen und im Raum von Modohn am verbissenen Widerstand unserer Divisionen blutig zusammen.

In Estland wurden zahlreiche feindliche Angriffe abgewiesen oder aufgefangen. An der See-Enge zwischen dem Pleskauer und dem Peipussee sind heftige Kämpfe mit den auf das Westufer übergesetzten Sowjets entbrannt.

Bei einem Angriffsversuch sowjetischer Bomber auf Kirkenes wurden 40 feindliche Flugzeuge durch unsere Luftverteidigungskräfte abgeschossen und damit über ein Drittel des feindlichen Verbandes vernichtet. Am gestrigen Tage wurden an der Ostfront insgesamt 110 feindliche Flugzeuge abgeschossen.

Bei Angriffen feindlicher Bomber auf das Gebiet von Ploeşti wurden durch deutsche und rumänische Luftverteidigungskräfte 18 viermotorige Bomber zum Absturz gebracht.

In der Nacht warfen einzelne britische Flugzeuge Bomben auf Mannheim, Ludwigshafen und im rheinisch-westfälischen Gebiet.


Zum heutigen OKW-Bericht wird ergänzend mitgeteilt:

In den schweren Abwehrkämpfen im Raum nördlich Birsen haben sich die unter dem Befehl des Eichenlaubträgers General der Infanterie Hilpert stehenden Divisionen, die schlesische 81. Infanteriedivision unter Führung des Obersten von Bentivegni und die Norddeutsche 290. Infanteriedivision unter Führung des Generalleutnants Ortner, durch beispielhafte Tapferkeit und kühne Gegenstöße ausgezeichnet. An der Vernichtung von 108 Panzern innerhalb von drei Tagen hat die Sturmgeschützbrigade 912 unter Führung des Hauptmanns Karstens hervorragenden Anteil.

U.S. Navy Department (August 18, 1944)

CINCPAC Press Release No. 515

For Immediate Release
August 18, 1944

Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands was attacked by 7th AAF Liberators on August 16 (West Longitude Date). Buildings, storage facilities, and installations near the airfield were bombed. Several enemy fighters were airborne but did not succeed in intercepting our force. Anti-aircraft fire was meager. All of our aircraft returned. On the night of August 15‑16, a single Liberator bombed Iwo.

Fighter planes attacked Rota and Pagan Islands on August 16, bombing and strafing gun positions and the airstrips. Anti-aircraft fire was light at Rota and moderate at Pagan.

Warehouse areas on Dublon Island in Truk Atoll were bombed by 7th AAF Liberators the same day, causing large explosions and fires. One of six intercepting fighters was shot down, and three were damaged. Anti-aircraft fire was moderate.

Nauru Island was attacked by Navy Venturas on August 16, while Corsair fighters and Dauntless dive bombers of the 4th Marine Aircraft Wing hit defense installations at Mille Atoll in the Marshalls on the same day.

The Pittsburgh Press (August 18, 1944)

PARIS DEFENSES COLLAPSE; YANKS IN OUTER SUBURBS
Patton’s tanks cross last barriers

German rout bloodiest of war
By Virgil Pinkley, United Press staff writer

In South France –
Yanks advance only five miles from Toulon

Big base bombarded; Cannes totters
By Eleanor Packard, United Press staff writer

Laval flees Vichy?
French revolt widens; striking rail workers tie up fifth of roads

Patriot force rises throughout nation, seizes big areas on Swiss border

‘Not good for nerves, though’ –
Patton’s big tank drive ‘just a trucking job’

Yanks ride and ride and ‘behinds’ get sore, then they ride some more and get sorer
By Ira Wolfert, North American Newspaper Alliance

Roosevelt reveals –
Plans to occupy Reich underway

U.S., Britain, Russia agree on principle

I DARE SAY —
The gulpers

By Florence Fisher Parry

New League plans sped by Allied accord

Three big powers already agreed on framework

americavotes1944

Roosevelt, Truman plan campaign

Senator considers half-dozen speeches

Washington (UP) –
President Roosevelt, just back from a five-week inspection trip into the Pacific, turned today from direct problems of war to home front issues and strategy talks for his fourth-term campaign.

Mr. Roosevelt lunched with Senator Harry S. Truman (D-MO), his fourth-term running mate – the first meeting of the two Democratic Party standard-bearers since their nomination last month.

Sees Marshall, Hull

The President returned yesterday from his 15,000-mile inspection tour and conferred shortly afterward with Gen. George C. Marshall, Army Chief of Staff, and Secretary of State Cordell Hull.

Mr. Roosevelt’s declaration, in his nomination acceptance speech, that he would not campaign in the usual sense was expected to leave to Mr. Truman the burden of the Democratic Party’s national campaigning.

To speak Aug. 31

Mr. Truman said earlier this week that he preferred to do the job in a half dozen major speeches, the first of which he will make at nomination notification ceremonies in his native Missouri. This was reported that address has been scheduled for Aug. 31 at Lamar, Missouri, Mr. Truman’s birthplace.

After discussing speaking schedules and other campaign matters with Mr. Truman, Mr. Roosevelt was expected to arrange another campaign conference this week with Chairman Robert E. Hannegan of the Democratic National Committee.


‘Liberal’ nomination accepted by Truman

Washington (UP) –
Senator Harry S. Truman (D-MO), Democratic vice-presidential nominee, today accepted the vice-presidential nomination of the Liberal Party of New York.

Richards: Snipers and happy French hamper Yanks in Orléans

Sweating doughboys perplexed because they can’t celebrate and fight at the same time
By Robert E. Richards, United Press staff writer

americavotes1944

Screenshot 2022-06-20 213810

Simms: Record belies charge GOP is isolationist

Until 1919, the term applied to Democrats
By William Philip Simms, Scripps-Howard staff writer

Washington –
After Governor Thomas E. Dewey’s criticism against the proposition of having the Big Four lay down the law and forcing the rest of the world to live up to it, it seems certain that foreign policy will become an issue in the presidential campaign.

Already, Democrats are saying the Governor’s remarks sounded like the Republican “theme songs of isolation.” But before the broad charge of “isolationism” is made against the GOP, a glance at the record might cause the Democrats to pause.

It was under William McKinley, a Republican President, that we acquired Hawaii. Under him we also took the Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico and Samoa.

Viewed with alarm

The Democratic platform of 1900 viewed all this with alarm saying: “No nation can long endure, half republican and half empire.”

This week, the Democratic side of the Senate parceled out islands all over the Atlantic, Pacific and Caribbean which it said we must now have for our security.

In 1904, under President Theodore Roosevelt, we came into possession of the Panama Canal. That year the Democratic platform set its “face sternly against executive usurpation of legislative and judicial functions whether that usurpation be unveiled under the guides of executive construction of existing laws, or whether it take refuge in the tyrant’s plea of necessity or superior wisdom.”

Endorsed Hague Conventions

The Hague Conventions, forerunner of the League of Nations, international arbitration machinery for disputes and war outlawry, were formed in 1899 and 1907, with American help, during the administrations of Mr. McKinley and Theodore Roosevelt.

President Howard Taft (1908) was one of the chief promoters of the League to Enforce Peace. He negotiated arbitration treaties with Britain and France, backed a world court or high commission to which controversies between nations must be submitted. Elihu Root, Henry L. Stimson and other Republican leaders supported these and similar measures calling for international cooperation.

GOP isolationist in 1919

A comparison of the records pretty clearly indicates that the Republican Party, by and large, has been more international-minded than the Democratic Party. The GOP became identified with “isolation” almost entirely during the years of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge, in fact largely as a result of the fight against the League of Nations in 1919-20.

Even there, the record reveals that we would have entered the League had President Woodrow Wilson been willing to accept the reservations of Senator Cabot Lodge.

And yet the Democratic platform of 1924, while backing the League, stipulated that America should enter only after a national referendum and then subject to “such reservations or amendments as the President and Senate may agree upon.” The 1928 and subsequent Democratic platforms forgot the League, even those on which Franklin D. Roosevelt based his candidacy.

americavotes1944

Stokes: Dewey realizing interest of voters in foreign policy

Opposition to ‘Big Four’ alliances believed first step in presenting definite stand
By Thomas L. Stokes, Scripps-Howard staff writer

Washington –
Governor Thomas E. Dewey’s statement on post-war foreign policy, deploring any continuing “Big Four” military alliance that would dominate the small nations, aroused considerable political interest here.

For the Republican presidential candidate thus far has been sparring with his views on an issue of which millions of voters are seemingly predominantly conscious this year and upon which they expect full, free and frank discussion.

It is assumed here that this is merely a beginning, and that Governor Dewey will later elaborate so the public may get a clear picture of how he would handle foreign policy, if elected. This initial statement, in advance of his major campaign speeches, indicates that the Republican candidate realizes the public interest in this issue.

Dewey urged to speak out

Governor Dewey’s advisers have been urging that he had better speak out or President Roosevelt would run away with the ball, being in the favored position of creating policy day by day.

Some Republican strategists think there is a substantial bloc of voters, for example those who feel warmly toward Wendell Willkie, who will be swayed to one party or the other largely on the issue of international collaboration. This includes many persons normally Republican who may be inclined to support the President on this score alone, if Governor Dewey does not satisfy them.

Governor Dewey has quite a job to do in the field of foreign policy. Republicans are on the defensive. The burden of proof is upon them. They must dispel the doubts in many minds, which Democrats are trying to nourish, hanging over from what the Democrats call the “betrayal” by Republicans of the League of Nations after the last war.

And doubts that arise currently about some figures high in Republican councils, include the vice-presidential candidate Governor John W. Bricker, Senators Robert Taft and Arthur H. Vandenberg, and former isolationists such as James S. Kemper (chairman of the Republican Finance Committee) and Werner W. Schroeder of Illinois (a newly-elected vice chairman of the Republican National Committee).

Struck at vulnerable spot

Governor Dewey appropriately seized the occasion of the conference beginning here next week among representatives of this country, Great Britain, Russia and China to issue his statement warning of “Big Four” military domination and “power politics.”

Governor Dewey did strike at a vulnerable point – “power politics.” Many others have been critical of the secret meetings of Allied leaders, at Cairo and Tehran, suspicious of the mystery about decisions that concern all the people.

Secretary of State Cordell Hull quickly denied any thought of a continuing “Big Four” military alliance as Governor Dewey had suggested. The Secretary is naturally sensitive and seriously concerned. He has been working for months on the plans for international organization, carefully, solely, particularly, and it is not all as simple as it might look.

Aside from whatever political motives are involved, the Republican candidate has made a timely contribution in his warning against a “power politics” solution of post-war world organization. And he has whetted curiosity about the complete outline of his post-war international views.

americavotes1944

In mysterious circulars –
Dewey attacked as pro-Negro

Memphis, Tennessee –
Business firms and individuals here are indignant over mysterious circulars they have received this week, attacking Republican presidential nominee Thomas E. Dewey as being pro-Negro and for poll tax repeal.

The folders, which are unsigned, carry pictures of Mr. Dewey talking with Negro leaders and attending a cocktail party with Negro newspapermen.

The Memphis Press-Scimitar said it had traced the printing of the folders to the Linotype Printing Company here. Clarence Bowe, secretary of the Shelby County Democratic Primary Board and a partner in the firm, denied that his company put out the material, which was mailed in Nashville, Memphis and New York.

One of the pictures of Mr. Dewey appeared in Life Magazine recently.

A postal inspector here said there was no violation of federal regulations involved, although declaring “this thing was designed to reflect on a person’s character.” He said that because the circular was sent in an envelope, it was malleable.