Ferguson: More about a refugee
By Mrs. Walter Ferguson
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Background of news –
Pennsylvania’s vote
By Bertram Benedict
In journeying to Philadelphia last Friday to make one of his major speeches of the 1944 campaign, President Roosevelt testified to the political importance of Pennsylvania this year.
In a close election, Pennsylvania might well prove pivotal with its 35 electoral votes, fewer only than New York’s 47. It is being frequently said that Mr. Roosevelt, with a foundation of 113 votes in the Deep South, will win if he carries Pennsylvania even if he loses New York, but that Governor Dewey, absolutely sure of only 55 electoral votes in the Midwest, needs Pennsylvania as well as New York.
In 1940, the Keystone State gave Mr. Roosevelt a majority of 221,187 in a total of 4,060,883 presidential votes cast. Mr. Roosevelt had a majority of 177,271 in Philadelphia County and one of 104,641 in Allegheny County. In the rest of the state the result was 50-50, with Wendell Willkie receiving a net majority of 725.
In 1936, Pennsylvania gave Mr. Roosevelt a majority of 663,488 over Alfred M. Landon. But in 1932 Pennsylvania was one of the six states which stuck by Herbert Hoover, giving him a majority of 157,592 over Mr. Roosevelt.
From Civil War until 1936
Pennsylvania never went Democratic for President between the Civil War and 1936, even when the Democrats won the presidency in 1884, 1892, 1912 (Pennsylvania voted for Theodore Roosevelt on a third-party ticket), and 1916. In the close election of 1916, the Keystone State gave Charles Evans Hughes almost 60 percent of its major-party vote.
Possibly it was because Pennsylvania was not regarded as a doubtful state that the Republicans never went to it for their presidential nominee, Although the state always has ranked second or third in population, it has given only one President to the nation – Democrat James Buchanan, elected in 1856, and perhaps the weakest of all our Presidents.
In the decades prior to the New Deal, a very large proportion of Pennsylvania’s miners and factory-workers had been won over to the Republican gospel of a high protective tariff to keep wage rates high. John L. Lewis, president of the United Mine Workers since 1919, was a Republican and worked for the Republican ticket.
Democratic in 1934
But after 1932, the miners and factory workers of Pennsylvania seemed to go over to the Democrats with a whoop and a holler. In 1934, Pennsylvania elected a Democratic Governor, a Democratic Senator, and Democrats to 23 of its 34 seats in the House of Representatives. Mr. Lewis became an ardent supporter of the New Deal and told the country over the radio in October 1935:
The President has succeeded so well in his task of rehabilitating America that the industrialists and financiers have recovered sufficiently to fight him with malice and venom.
In 1938, Pennsylvania went back to Republicanism in the state election. It elected a Republican Governor by a 279,000 majority, a Republican Senator by 393,000.
In 1940, when Mr. Lewis was back in the Republican camp, he could not carry his miners with him. The state voted for Mr. Roosevelt and for a Democratic Senator (by 177,000), and sent more Democrats than Republicans to the House.
But in 1942, Pennsylvania was back with its old love, the GOP – it elected a Republican Governor by 218,000 majority, sent almost twice as many Republicans as Democrats to the House, and elected a Republican as its Representative-at-Large by a majority of 255,000.
Anybody want any pigeons? See Treasury
Zippers, snow shoes, a grouser for sale
By Frederick C. Othman, United Press staff writer
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Kress gives art to U.S. gallery
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Surprise for Japs –
U.S. bombers defeat Zeros
Foe learns hard way about Americans
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Army accused of ‘filtering’ news
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Garrison: Kelly’s from Pittsburgh and he is almighty proud of the fact!
Hoofer devoted to wife and baby
By Maxine Garrison
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Excellent whodunit at Harris
Gene Tierney stars in mystery film
By John D. Paulus
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Truman to make reply to Dewey
Will speak in Providence tonight
Boston, Massachusetts (UP) –
Senator Harry S. Truman, Democratic candidate for Vice President, winds up the New England leg of his campaign tour today with a reply to Governor Thomas E. Dewey’s references to the “Roosevelt depression.”
After two days in Massachusetts, Mr. Truman’s schedule called for him to motor to Providence, Rhode Island, today and to address a party rally tonight. He will speak in New York’s Madison Square Garden tomorrow night.
During his two days in Massachusetts, the nominee appeared at party rallies at Fall River, New Bedford, Worcester, Lawrence and Lynn.
The failure of Senator David I. Walsh of Massachusetts, anti-administration Democrat, to appear at the Worcester meeting provoked speculation over his political intentions, but he silenced rumors by greeting Mr. Truman at Lawrence yesterday and announcing that he was “heart and soul for the success of our entire ticket.”
Earlier, Chairman Robert E. Hannegan of the Democratic National Committee, who conferred with Mr. Truman here yesterday, had a telephone conversation with Mr. Walsh.
Mrs. Stassen backs Dewey
St. Paul, Minnesota (UP) –
Mrs. Harold E. Stassen, wife of Minnesota’s former governor, today urged the election of Governor Thomas E. Dewey and his running mate, Governor John W. Bricker, because they “have a far better chance to solve the vital problems of peace than the present administration.”
Mrs. Stassen said.
No President can succeed in creating unity and harmony in world affairs unless he can first create unity and harmony at home.
Every mother knows that the family which has harmony, unity and cooperation within the four walls of the home has the basis of friendly relations with the neighbors.
Mrs. Stassen’s husband is serving in the Pacific as a commander in the Navy.
Stokes: Michigan test
By Thomas L. Stokes
Detroit, Michigan –
Michigan offers perhaps the best laboratory in the nation for a test of the influence in politics of newly alert and highly organized labor and of its effect upon the complexion of the Democratic Party.
It also provides a test of labor’s influence through politics upon the changing economic pattern of the country, for it is here that labor in the huge auto industry has been most vociferous in demanding a greater share in the management of industry. This demand has been silenced temporarily by the war.
Economic and political analysts undoubtedly henceforth must give this state and its highly concentrated auto industry the same close study they gave some years ago to the Wisconsin experiments in state social welfare and economic legislation sponsored by the LaFollette regime which gradually percolated into the national government. Wisconsin was a pattern for the New Deal in many ways.
A significant political test for labor here is in the presidential election next week.
GOP registrations down
If President Roosevelt should carry Michigan, it will be because of the intense activity of the CIO Political Action Committee, which has done perhaps the best Job of registration of any unit in the country. A few weeks ago, Michigan generally was put down safely in the Republican column. It had moved back to its traditional Republicanism nationally four years ago, but insecurely, for the late Wendell Willkie carried it by only 7,000 votes. For a while it seemed destined to remain Republican, and it may yet, of course.
But a big cloud of doubt, ominously regarded by Republicans, was formed when new registrations in Wayne County (Detroit) raised the total some 72,000 above the 1940 figures, and with the soldier vote, the total may be something over 100,000 larger than four years ago. The story is the same in Flint, Pontiac, and other auto centers. Registration in rural areas, almost solidly Republican, is down somewhat from four years ago.
Another significant development in Michigan is that the Democratic Party here today closely approaches a labor party. The old Democratic leadership virtually has disappeared. There is friction between the organization and the Political Action Committee, which is running its own show, and almost the whole show. The CIO dominated the state Democratic convention.
Labor has earned partnership
The Democratic organization is so weak in some parts of the state that it has no candidates for local offices. The party is preponderantly a city party now, with labor the predominant influence.
Labor has encroached upon the Democratic Party in this state to a greater degree than is apparent in other big industrial states, although the trend is noted elsewhere. This development provokes speculation as to the future of the party nationally. The country does not seem ripe yet for a labor party – if it ever will – and certainly any attempt to make the Democratic Party a labor party will be resisted stoutly, as it is now, by the old-line leadership still entrenched in the South and in the big cities of the North and East.
Labor has earned its right to a partnership. If President Roosevelt is reelected, it undoubtedly will make its claims. Whether this will result in some compromise that will satisfy old-line leaders, or whether the party will fall apart because of antagonisms already manifest and bring new political alignments, remains to be seen.
But something interesting is happening, and it is seen in its most advanced stage in Michigan.
Electors intend to vote for Byrd
Jackson, Mississippi (UP) –
Announcement by three of Mississippi’s nine Democratic presidential electors that they intend to vote for Senator Harry F. Byrd (D-VA) instead of President Roosevelt today was expected to have wide repercussions throughout the state.
The electors, Frank E. Everett of Indianola, Clarence E. Morgan of Kosciusko and W. G. McLain of McComb, issued the statement yesterday, addressed to the Democratic voters of Mississippi, saying the Mississippi Democratic Convention last June had freed all electors of the obligation of voting for party nominees if the national convention failed to restore the two-thirds rule or if it adopted race platforms obnoxious to the South.
The Democratic National Convention passed obnoxious race planks and did not even consider restoration of the two-thirds rule, the statement said.
Steelers outplay Redskins but lose
Fists fly, McCarthy hurt as Washington wins brawl, 42–20
By Carl Hughes
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Kaiser urges new policy on depreciation
Industry held in need of encouragement
By Roger Budrow, Scripps-Howard staff writer
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EXECUTIVE ORDER 9495
Extension of the Provisions of Executive Order No. 9177 of May 30, 1942, to the United States Maritime Commission and the Administrator of the War Shipping Administration
For Immediate Release
Office of the Press Secretary
October 30, 1944
By virtue of the authority vested in me by the Constitution and laws of the United States, and particularly by Title I of the First War Powers Act, 1941, approved December 18, 1941 (55 Stat. 838), I hereby extend the provisions of Executive Order No. 9177 of May 30, 1942, to the United States Maritime Commission and the Administrator of the War Shipping Administration; and, subject to the limitations contained in that order, I hereby authorize the United States Maritime Commission and the Administrator of the War Shipping Administration to perform and exercise, as to their respective agencies, all of the functions and powers vested in and granted to the Secretary of War, the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Agriculture, and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation by that order.
This order shall be applicable to articles entered for consumption, or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption, on or after August 1, 1944.
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
THE WHITE HOUSE,
October 30, 1944
Völkischer Beobachter (October 31, 1944)
Unberechenbare Faktoren –
Militärische Kraft und moralische Stärke Deutschlands
Das hohe Risiko der Feindkoalition
Von unserem Berichterstatter in Portugal
…
Führer HQ (October 31, 1944)
Kommuniqué des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht
Unter dem Eindruck der nachhaltigen Abwehr unserer Besatzungen hat der Feind gestern seine Angriffe weder auf die Festung Dünkirchen, noch gegen unseren Brückenkopf nordöstlich Brügge fortgesetzt. In schweren Kämpfen haben sich unsere auf Südbeveland kämpfenden Truppen nach Walcheren zurückgezogen. Kanadier, die sich den Zugang dorthin erzwingen wollten, wurden durch zusammengefasstes Feuer zerschlagen.
In der Schlacht in Nordbrabant fasste der Feind seine Panzerverbände vor allem zwischen Roosendaal und Breda und östlich Oosterhout zu starken Durchbruchskeilen zusammen. In erbitterter Abwehr vereitelten unsere schwer ringenden Truppen alle Versuche, ihre Front aufzuspalten und brachten die vordringenden gegnerischen Divisionen an vorbereiteten Brückenkopfstellungen südlich der unteren Maas und ihrer Mündung zum Stehen.
Eigene Angriffsunternehmen südöstlich Helmond führten zu Stellungsverbesserungen. Feindliche Gegenangriffe scheiterten. Bei diesen Kämpfen wurden innerhalb von drei Tagen 85 feindliche Panzer abgeschossen.
In den Wäldern zwischen der oberen Meurthe und Mortagne wurde auch gestern erbittert gekämpft. Die immer wieder angreifenden Nordamerikaner kamen nur wenig über ihre Ausgangsstellungen hinaus. Ein eigener Angriff nordöstlich Remiremont stieß in angreifende nordamerikanische Bataillone.
London lag wieder unter dem Feuer von „V1.“
In Mittelitalien griff der Feind im westlichen Frontabschnitt vergeblich den Raum von
Castelnuovo an. Zäher Widerstand unserer Truppen brachte auch südwestlich Vergato die feindlichen Angriffe zum Scheitern. Nach starker Feuervorbereitung konnten britische Verbände nördlich Melaola den Übergang über den Ronco erzwingen.
Unsere Stützpunktbesatzungen, die auch nach der Räumung Griechenlands auf einigen ägäischen Inseln belassen wurden, stehen auf Milos und Piscopi im Kampf gegen gelandete feindliche Kräfte.
Auf dem Balkan wurden bulgarische Angriffe gegen unsere Stellungen östlich des Vardartales abgewiesen. Auch bei Pristina und an der westlichen Morava hat sich die Lage trotz anhaltenden bolschewistischen Druckes nicht wesentlich verändert.
Zwischen Donau und unterer Theiß dringt der Feind mit neu herangeführten Verbänden in Richtung auf Kecskemét vor. Deutsche und ungarische Schlachtflieger führten wirkungsvolle Angriffe gegen die feindlichen Angriffsspitzen. Flakartillerie der Luftwaffe vernichtete dort gestern 20 Panzer.
Bei Ungvár drängten unsere Gegenangriffe den in einen Abschnitt eingebrochenen Feind auf engem Raum zusammen. In den Ostbeskiden erlitt der Gegner bei vergeblichen Angriffen erneut hohe Verluste.
Nach vorläufigen Zählungen wurden seit dem 26. Oktober in den Kämpfen gegen das slowakische Bandenzentrum Altsohl-Neusohl über 10.000 Gefangene gemacht und über 100 Geschütze aller Kaliber, 600 Lastkraftwagen und ein Panzerzug erbeutet. Außerdem fielen unübersehbare Mengen an Waffen und Ausrüstung in unsere Hand. Die Säuberung des Raumes von den Restgruppen der unter bolschewistischer Führung stehenden Aufständischen ist weiter im Gange.
Am Narew nahmen die Sowjets beiderseits Ostenburg ihre Angriffe wieder auf, konnten jedoch keine nennenswerten Erfolge erzielen.
In der 14tägigen Schlacht im ostpreußischen Grenzgebiet haben die unter dem Oberbefehl des Generals der Infanterie Hoßbach stehenden Verbände die sowjetischen Großangriffe zum Stehen gebracht und den Feind unter schwersten Verlusten geschlagen, über 35 Schützendivisionen und zahlreiche Panzerverbände scheiterten an dem zähen Widerstandswillen und den entschlossenen Gegenangriffen unserer Divisionen sowie dem vorbildlichen Einsatz des Deutschen Volkssturms. Auch die Materialausfälle der Sowjets sind hoch. In der Zelt vom 16. bis 28. Oktober wurden dort 1066 Panzer, 330 Geschütze und 48 Flugzeuge durch Truppen des Heeres vernichtet oder erbeutet. Fliegende Verbände und Flakartillerie einer Luftflotte; unter Führung von Generaloberst Ritter von Greim, schossen im ostpreußischen Kampfraum in der gleichen Zeit 264 sowjetische Flugzeuge ab und vernichteten 189 Panzer.
In Kurland setzte der Feind südöstlich Libau und im Raum von Autz seine Großangriffe in verstärktem Maße fort. Nach schwerem Ringen wurden die Durchbruchsversuche der Sowjets vereitelt und dabei 111 feindliche Panzer vernichtet.
Feindliche Terrorflieger griffen bei Tage Hamburg, Münster, Hamm und rheinisches Gebiet, bei Nacht Köln an. Außerdem war in der vergangenen Nacht die Reichshauptstadt das Ziel schneller britischer Flugzeuge.
Supreme HQ Allied Expeditionary Force (October 31, 1944)
FROM
(A) SHAEF FORWARD
ORIGINATOR
PRD, Communique Section
DATE-TIME OF ORIGIN
311100A October
TO FOR ACTION
(1) AGWAR (Pass to WND)
TO (W) FOR INFORMATION (INFO)
(2) FIRST US ARMY GP
(3) ADV HQ 12 ARMY GP
(4) FWD ECH (MAIN) 12 ARMY GP
(5) AEAF
(6) ANCXF
(7) EXFOR MAIN
(8) EXFOR REAR
(9) DEFENSOR, OTTAWA
(10) CANADIAN C/S, OTTAWA
(11) WAR OFFICE
(12) ADMIRALTY
(13) AIR MINISTRY
(14) ETOUSA
(15) SACSEA
(16) CMHQ (Pass to RCAF & RCN)
(17) COM Z APO 871
(18) SHAEF MAIN
(REF NO.)
NONE
(CLASSIFICATION)
IN THE CLEAR
Communiqué No. 206
Zuid Beveland is in Allied hands. Early yesterday, Goes was taken and later, our forces pushing westward, along the railway, reached the causeway leading to Walcheren. By evening, the enemy had been driven from the country north and south of the railway. Gun emplacements, strongpoints and ammunition dumps on the island of Walcheren were attacked by heavy and fighter-bombers. In the Scheldt pocket, Retranchement was freed. There was heavy fighting in the area of Sluis, where our troops have reached the outskirts of the village. Fighters and fighter-bombers supported the ground forces west of Breskens and rocket-firing fighters hit fortified buildings and pillboxes at Knokke.
In the Bergen-op-Zoom–Roosendaal sector, good gains were made in spite of enemy mines and booby traps. Our troops are within three miles of Steenbergen. Roosendaal was taken, and we reached the area of Oud Gastel. There has been some progress northwest of Breda and we are across the whole of the road between Bergen-op-Zoom and Breda. Transportation targets in the Breda area and a road bridge at Terheijden were hit by fighter-bombers. Northwest of Tilburg, our advance continued on a broad front. We have reached the outskirts of Oosterhout and further east we are in the vicinity of Capelle. Further east, the enemy counterattack in the Meijel area made no headway during the day.
The synthetic oil plant at Wesseling, near Köln, was the target for heavy bombers with fighter escort. Maizières-lès-Metz has been cleared of the enemy. In other regions, from Aachen to Lunéville, patrolling continued. Slight gains were made east of Rambervillers and the villages of Jeanménil and Brû were freed. Activity from Lunéville to the Swiss border otherwise consisted largely of patrolling. A number of counterattacks were repulsed without difficulty.
COORDINATED WITH: G-2, G-3 to C/S
THIS MESSAGE MAY BE SENT IN CLEAR BY ANY MEANS
/s/
Precedence
“OP” - AGWAR
“P” - Others
ORIGINATING DIVISION
PRD, Communique Section
NAME AND RANK TYPED. TEL. NO.
D. R. JORDAN, Lt Col FA Ext. 9
AUTHENTICATING SIGNATURE
/s/U.S. Navy Department (October 31, 1944)
Communiqué No. 552
Pacific and Far East.
U.S. submarines have reported the sinking of 18 vessels, including one combatant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:
- 3 medium cargo transports
- 1 large transport
- 2 small cargo transports
- 1 destroyer
- 4 small cargo vessels
- 5 medium cargo vessels
- 1 medium tanker
- 1 small auxiliary
These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department communiqué.
CINCPAC Communiqué No. 170
A conservative recapitulation of enemy aircraft losses during the past two months from August 30 to the present, reported by the Third and Seventh Fleets (the latter operating under Gen. MacArthur) shows that 1,462 planes were shot down in the air and 1,132 destroyed on the ground, making a grand total of 2,594 destroyed by Pacific Fleet carrier aircraft. In addition, 252 planes were probably destroyed or damaged. Our own losses during this period were approximately 300 carrier planes, with pilot and aircrew losses considerably less because of rescue operations which saved many lives.
The enemy suffered its greatest losses during the following periods: September 9‑24 in Philippines by Third Fleet, shot down, 362; destroyed on ground, 584.
October 10‑16 in Nansei Shoto Islands, Philippines, and Formosa by Third Fleet, shot down, 528; destroyed on ground, 304; damaged, 59.
October 17‑18 in Philippines by Third Fleet, shot down, 55; destroyed on ground, 31; damaged, 55.
October 22‑27 in second battle Philippine Sea, by Third and Seventh Fleets, shot down, 392; destroyed on ground, 31; damaged, 20.
Liberators of the 7th Air Force bombed shipping in Chichijima Harbor in the Bonins on October 28 (West Longitude Date). Other Liberators bombed barges at Hahajima on the same day.
Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One carried out strafing and bombing attacks on five small cargo ships at Kita Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands. One of the ships was sunk, one was badly damaged and one was set ablaze.
On October 28, Corsair fighters of Marine Air Wing Two strafed Installations at Rota Island. Anti-aircraft fire was intense. The next day, Corsairs again bombed Rota, hitting the airfield; while Thunderbolts of the 7th Air Force bombed Pagan Island.
Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the airfield and gun positions on Yap Island on October 27 and 28. Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed barges at Yap on October 28. Anti-aircraft fire was meager.