America at war! (1941–) – Part 4

Führer HQ (October 31, 1944)

Kommuniqué des Oberkommandos der Wehrmacht

Unter dem Eindruck der nachhaltigen Abwehr unserer Besatzungen hat der Feind gestern seine Angriffe weder auf die Festung Dünkirchen, noch gegen unseren Brückenkopf nordöstlich Brügge fortgesetzt. In schweren Kämpfen haben sich unsere auf Südbeveland kämpfenden Truppen nach Walcheren zurückgezogen. Kanadier, die sich den Zugang dorthin erzwingen wollten, wurden durch zusammengefasstes Feuer zerschlagen.

In der Schlacht in Nordbrabant fasste der Feind seine Panzerverbände vor allem zwischen Roosendaal und Breda und östlich Oosterhout zu starken Durchbruchskeilen zusammen. In erbitterter Abwehr vereitelten unsere schwer ringenden Truppen alle Versuche, ihre Front aufzuspalten und brachten die vordringenden gegnerischen Divisionen an vorbereiteten Brückenkopfstellungen südlich der unteren Maas und ihrer Mündung zum Stehen.

Eigene Angriffsunternehmen südöstlich Helmond führten zu Stellungsverbesserungen. Feindliche Gegenangriffe scheiterten. Bei diesen Kämpfen wurden innerhalb von drei Tagen 85 feindliche Panzer abgeschossen.

In den Wäldern zwischen der oberen Meurthe und Mortagne wurde auch gestern erbittert gekämpft. Die immer wieder angreifenden Nordamerikaner kamen nur wenig über ihre Ausgangsstellungen hinaus. Ein eigener Angriff nordöstlich Remiremont stieß in angreifende nordamerikanische Bataillone.

London lag wieder unter dem Feuer von „V1.“

In Mittelitalien griff der Feind im westlichen Frontabschnitt vergeblich den Raum von
Castelnuovo an. Zäher Widerstand unserer Truppen brachte auch südwestlich Vergato die feindlichen Angriffe zum Scheitern. Nach starker Feuervorbereitung konnten britische Verbände nördlich Melaola den Übergang über den Ronco erzwingen.

Unsere Stützpunktbesatzungen, die auch nach der Räumung Griechenlands auf einigen ägäischen Inseln belassen wurden, stehen auf Milos und Piscopi im Kampf gegen gelandete feindliche Kräfte.

Auf dem Balkan wurden bulgarische Angriffe gegen unsere Stellungen östlich des Vardartales abgewiesen. Auch bei Pristina und an der westlichen Morava hat sich die Lage trotz anhaltenden bolschewistischen Druckes nicht wesentlich verändert.

Zwischen Donau und unterer Theiß dringt der Feind mit neu herangeführten Verbänden in Richtung auf Kecskemét vor. Deutsche und ungarische Schlachtflieger führten wirkungsvolle Angriffe gegen die feindlichen Angriffsspitzen. Flakartillerie der Luftwaffe vernichtete dort gestern 20 Panzer.

Bei Ungvár drängten unsere Gegenangriffe den in einen Abschnitt eingebrochenen Feind auf engem Raum zusammen. In den Ostbeskiden erlitt der Gegner bei vergeblichen Angriffen erneut hohe Verluste.

Nach vorläufigen Zählungen wurden seit dem 26. Oktober in den Kämpfen gegen das slowakische Bandenzentrum Altsohl-Neusohl über 10.000 Gefangene gemacht und über 100 Geschütze aller Kaliber, 600 Lastkraftwagen und ein Panzerzug erbeutet. Außerdem fielen unübersehbare Mengen an Waffen und Ausrüstung in unsere Hand. Die Säuberung des Raumes von den Restgruppen der unter bolschewistischer Führung stehenden Aufständischen ist weiter im Gange.

Am Narew nahmen die Sowjets beiderseits Ostenburg ihre Angriffe wieder auf, konnten jedoch keine nennenswerten Erfolge erzielen.

In der 14tägigen Schlacht im ostpreußischen Grenzgebiet haben die unter dem Oberbefehl des Generals der Infanterie Hoßbach stehenden Verbände die sowjetischen Großangriffe zum Stehen gebracht und den Feind unter schwersten Verlusten geschlagen, über 35 Schützendivisionen und zahlreiche Panzerverbände scheiterten an dem zähen Widerstandswillen und den entschlossenen Gegenangriffen unserer Divisionen sowie dem vorbildlichen Einsatz des Deutschen Volkssturms. Auch die Materialausfälle der Sowjets sind hoch. In der Zelt vom 16. bis 28. Oktober wurden dort 1066 Panzer, 330 Geschütze und 48 Flugzeuge durch Truppen des Heeres vernichtet oder erbeutet. Fliegende Verbände und Flakartillerie einer Luftflotte; unter Führung von Generaloberst Ritter von Greim, schossen im ostpreußischen Kampfraum in der gleichen Zeit 264 sowjetische Flugzeuge ab und vernichteten 189 Panzer.

In Kurland setzte der Feind südöstlich Libau und im Raum von Autz seine Großangriffe in verstärktem Maße fort. Nach schwerem Ringen wurden die Durchbruchsversuche der Sowjets vereitelt und dabei 111 feindliche Panzer vernichtet.

Feindliche Terrorflieger griffen bei Tage Hamburg, Münster, Hamm und rheinisches Gebiet, bei Nacht Köln an. Außerdem war in der vergangenen Nacht die Reichshauptstadt das Ziel schneller britischer Flugzeuge.

Supreme HQ Allied Expeditionary Force (October 31, 1944)

FROM
(A) SHAEF FORWARD

ORIGINATOR
PRD, Communique Section

DATE-TIME OF ORIGIN
311100A October

TO FOR ACTION
(1) AGWAR (Pass to WND)

TO (W) FOR INFORMATION (INFO)
(2) FIRST US ARMY GP
(3) ADV HQ 12 ARMY GP
(4) FWD ECH (MAIN) 12 ARMY GP
(5) AEAF
(6) ANCXF
(7) EXFOR MAIN
(8) EXFOR REAR
(9) DEFENSOR, OTTAWA
(10) CANADIAN C/S, OTTAWA
(11) WAR OFFICE
(12) ADMIRALTY
(13) AIR MINISTRY
(14) ETOUSA
(15) SACSEA
(16) CMHQ (Pass to RCAF & RCN)
(17) COM Z APO 871
(18) SHAEF MAIN
(REF NO.)
NONE

(CLASSIFICATION)
IN THE CLEAR

Communiqué No. 206

Zuid Beveland is in Allied hands. Early yesterday, Goes was taken and later, our forces pushing westward, along the railway, reached the causeway leading to Walcheren. By evening, the enemy had been driven from the country north and south of the railway. Gun emplacements, strongpoints and ammunition dumps on the island of Walcheren were attacked by heavy and fighter-bombers. In the Scheldt pocket, Retranchement was freed. There was heavy fighting in the area of Sluis, where our troops have reached the outskirts of the village. Fighters and fighter-bombers supported the ground forces west of Breskens and rocket-firing fighters hit fortified buildings and pillboxes at Knokke.

In the Bergen-op-Zoom–Roosendaal sector, good gains were made in spite of enemy mines and booby traps. Our troops are within three miles of Steenbergen. Roosendaal was taken, and we reached the area of Oud Gastel. There has been some progress northwest of Breda and we are across the whole of the road between Bergen-op-Zoom and Breda. Transportation targets in the Breda area and a road bridge at Terheijden were hit by fighter-bombers. Northwest of Tilburg, our advance continued on a broad front. We have reached the outskirts of Oosterhout and further east we are in the vicinity of Capelle. Further east, the enemy counterattack in the Meijel area made no headway during the day.

The synthetic oil plant at Wesseling, near Köln, was the target for heavy bombers with fighter escort. Maizières-lès-Metz has been cleared of the enemy. In other regions, from Aachen to Lunéville, patrolling continued. Slight gains were made east of Rambervillers and the villages of Jeanménil and Brû were freed. Activity from Lunéville to the Swiss border otherwise consisted largely of patrolling. A number of counterattacks were repulsed without difficulty.

COORDINATED WITH: G-2, G-3 to C/S

THIS MESSAGE MAY BE SENT IN CLEAR BY ANY MEANS
/s/

Precedence
“OP” - AGWAR
“P” - Others

ORIGINATING DIVISION
PRD, Communique Section

NAME AND RANK TYPED. TEL. NO.
D. R. JORDAN, Lt Col FA Ext. 9

AUTHENTICATING SIGNATURE
/s/

U.S. Navy Department (October 31, 1944)

Communiqué No. 552

Pacific and Far East.
U.S. submarines have reported the sinking of 18 vessels, including one combatant ship, as a result of operations against the enemy in these waters, as follows:

  • 3 medium cargo transports
  • 1 large transport
  • 2 small cargo transports
  • 1 destroyer
  • 4 small cargo vessels
  • 5 medium cargo vessels
  • 1 medium tanker
  • 1 small auxiliary

These actions have not been announced in any previous Navy Department communiqué.


CINCPAC Communiqué No. 170

A conservative recapitulation of enemy aircraft losses during the past two months from August 30 to the present, reported by the Third and Seventh Fleets (the latter operating under Gen. MacArthur) shows that 1,462 planes were shot down in the air and 1,132 destroyed on the ground, making a grand total of 2,594 destroyed by Pacific Fleet carrier aircraft. In addition, 252 planes were probably destroyed or damaged. Our own losses during this period were approximately 300 carrier planes, with pilot and aircrew losses considerably less because of rescue operations which saved many lives.

The enemy suffered its greatest losses during the following periods: September 9‑24 in Philippines by Third Fleet, shot down, 362; destroyed on ground, 584.

October 10‑16 in Nansei Shoto Islands, Philippines, and Formosa by Third Fleet, shot down, 528; destroyed on ground, 304; damaged, 59.

October 17‑18 in Philippines by Third Fleet, shot down, 55; destroyed on ground, 31; damaged, 55.

October 22‑27 in second battle Philippine Sea, by Third and Seventh Fleets, shot down, 392; destroyed on ground, 31; damaged, 20.

Liberators of the 7th Air Force bombed shipping in Chichijima Harbor in the Bonins on October 28 (West Longitude Date). Other Liberators bombed barges at Hahajima on the same day.

Search planes of Fleet Air Wing One carried out strafing and bombing attacks on five small cargo ships at Kita Iwo Jima in the Volcano Islands. One of the ships was sunk, one was badly damaged and one was set ablaze.

On October 28, Corsair fighters of Marine Air Wing Two strafed Installations at Rota Island. Anti-aircraft fire was intense. The next day, Corsairs again bombed Rota, hitting the airfield; while Thunderbolts of the 7th Air Force bombed Pagan Island.

Seventh Air Force Liberators bombed the airfield and gun positions on Yap Island on October 27 and 28. Corsair fighters of the Second Marine Aircraft Wing strafed barges at Yap on October 28. Anti-aircraft fire was meager.

The Pittsburgh Press (October 31, 1944)

NAZI LINE SMASHED IN HOLLAND
British troops reach bank of Maas River

Allies gain in drive to clear Antwerp route
By J. Edward Murray, United Press staff writer

Churchill: War in Europe may continue six months

Another year and half fighting against Japs likely, Commons told

Americans near Leyte’s west coast

MacArthur plans additional operations
By William B. Dickinson, United Press staff writer

Subs sink 18 Jap ships; Philippine toll rises in 62

By Frank Tremaine, United Press staff writer

100 tons a minute rain on Cologne

City most-bombed in Germany

americavotes1944

President will speak Thursday

Byrnes hints GOP victory may cost Russian aid in war on Japs; New England trip next for Roosevelt

Washington (UP) –
President Roosevelt, adding another political speech to his campaign schedule, will speak by radio from the White House Thursday night.

White House Secretary Stephen T. Early said no decision had been made on the time or networks to be used.

Proposals for trips to Cleveland or Detroit have been dropped; the President will definitely campaign in Connecticut and Massachusetts Saturday and make a major speech in Boston that night.

Largest radio coverage

The Boston speech will be from 9:00 to 9:45 p.m. EWT over the Blue, NBC and CBS networks – his largest radio coverage of the campaign to date. Fenway Park probably will be the scene of the speech.

About 10:00 a.m. Saturday, Mr. Roosevelt will speak from the rear platform of his train at Bridgeport, Connecticut. He then will go to Hartford, arriving about noon. Mr. Early said that if the weather is good, the President will motor to a bandstand in a centrally-located park in Hartford and make another extemporaneous speech.

The President plans to drive from Hartford to Springfield, Massachusetts, arriving there about 2:00 p.m. for another informal talk. Then he will board his train again for the trip to Boston.

Change ‘would prolong war’

James F. Byrnes, the President’s chief home front aide, entered the fourth-term campaign with an implication that a change of administration now may remove any hope of Russian cooperation in the war against Japan.

In a nationwide radio address marking his first major appeal for Mr. Roosevelt’s reelection, the director of war mobilization and reconversion asserted last night that victory for Governor Thomas E. Dewey, Republican nominee, would “inevitably delay the winning of the war and jeopardize the peace for which our boys are fighting and dying.”

Doubts Dewey could do it

Mr. Byrnes hinted the United States might obtain Russian cooperation in the war against Japan. But he raised doubts that it could be obtained by Mr. Dewey who, he said, “as late as 1940 denounced recognition of Russia by our government and who Is now criticizing the efforts of our government to bring about a friendly accord between Russia and Poland.”

Mr. Byrnes’ speech opened the last full week of the fourth-term campaign, which will be climaxed by Mr. Roosevelt himself with an address in Boston Saturday. White House Secretary Stephen T. Early indicated the Boston trip, which will probably include platform stops at Bridgeport and Hartford, Connecticut, and Springfield, Massachusetts, may be Mr. Roosevelt’s last of the campaign.

Mr. Byrnes hammered the theme that a victory for the “Republican candidate” might prolong the war.

He asked:

Will it not take time, when time means lives, for the Republican candidate to secure the cooperation of Russia in the war against Japan, without which cooperation the war will be unnecessarily prolonged?

The other important issue of the campaign, he said, is safeguarding the peace when it is won. And, he added, the present Republican leadership in Congress cannot “be relied upon to carry through effective, nonpartisan peace plans for our active participation in world affairs.”

Isolationism thorn

He named seven Republican Senate leaders who. he said, failed to help the late Wendell L. Willkie in his efforts to “turn the Republican Party from isolationism" and said it would be “unwise” to place the nation’s hopes for future peace in their hands.

He said:

It would be equally unwise to believe the Republican candidate, who himself gave no notable assistance to Mr. Willkie… could not obtain the support of his party in Congress for an effective international organization to preserve the peace by force if necessary.

Indirect ‘praise for Roosevelt’

Mr. Byrnes said Governor Dewey’s statement that he would retain such military leaders as Gen. George C. Marshall and Adm. Ernest J. King “indicates he realizes the danger of changing men who are making decisions as to military strategy.” This, Mr. Byrnes declared, could only be interpreted as praise for Mr. Roosevelt, who selected them.

Mr. Byrnes said:

The Republican candidate may honestly believe that in these fateful hours he could become Commander-in-Chief and do a better job than the President, but do we know that? And do our Allies know that? I do not know of any experience he has had with such problems as are daily decided by the Commander-in-Chief.

The Republican leaders whose records Mr. Byrnes attacked were Senators Hiram Johnson (R-CA), Arthur Capper (R-KS), Arthur Vandenberg (R-MI), James J. Davis (R-PA), Gerald Nye (R-ND), Wallace H. White Jr. (R-ME) and Henrik Shipstead (R-MN).

americavotes1944

Dewey aims big guns toward East

Buffalo address tonight is reply

Albany, New York (UP) –
Governor Thomas E. Dewey today aimed the last week of his campaign at four of the most populous states of the industrial East.

The Republican presidential candidate scheduled appearances in the last seven days before the Nov. 7 election in New York, Massachusetts and Maryland.

There was a possibility that he might add other appearances in New Jersey.

Buffalo, Baltimore speeches

Mr. Dewey, concentrating on New York’s 47 electoral votes, will speak at the Memorial Auditorium in Buffalo tonight.

KDKA will broadcast the speech at 9:00 p.m. EWT.

Resuming his role as a political candidate after a one-day respite to push through the New York State Legislature a bill to extend voting time by two hours next Tuesday, the New York Governor suddenly added to his last week’s itinerary appearances in Maryland and a return to doubtful Pennsylvania.

He will speak in Baltimore in a bid for that border state’s eight electoral votes, at 12:30 p.m. Thursday EWT.

To challenge Roosevelt speech

Mr. Dewey’s schedule for the final week remains flexible. There was still a possibility that he will swing into New Jersey for short appearances Friday and be prepared to match any last-minute stratagems by President Roosevelt.

Governor Dewey’s executive office indicated he will use tonight’s speech to challenge the President’s Saturday speech at Chicago.

Paul E. Lockwood, secretary to the governor, announced that Mr. Dewey would talk about “promises unfulfilled which are no better for a fourth term than for a first term,” and would present a “specific, constructive program for the future of America, with special emphasis on small business and jobs.”

En route to Buffalo, Mr. Dewey scheduled a station appearance at Rochester. En route to Boston, he plans rear-platform appearances at Pittsfield, Springfield and Worcester, Massachusetts.

americavotes1944

WANTED: 35 big electoral votes –
Dewey to visit state again, speak in hard coal area

Importance of Pennsylvania in election emphasized as parties turn on the heat
By Kermit McFarland

The teetertotter position of Pennsylvania in the pre-election dope was emphasized again today when it was announced that Governor Thomas E. Dewey, the Republican presidential candidate, would make two more speeches in the state, both in the anthracite region.

Mr. Dewey will speak Thursday night in the Kingston Armory, across the river from Wilkes-Barre in Luzerne County, and about an hour later in Scranton, Lackawanna County.

The presidential candidate’s double appearance in the hard coal section is a result of special pleas by Governor Edward Martin and other Republican leaders who believe they have a chance to crack the hitherto solid Roosevelt support in this area.

The fact that Mr. Dewey is making a special trip into these two counties, third and eighth in population in the state, and that these eleventh-hour addresses will not be broadcast over a national radio network add to the significance of the plan.

The direct purpose of the Dewey visit is to split the coal mine vote, generally regarded as overwhelmingly back of President Roosevelt, but to which the Republicans in the anthracite area have undertaken a special appeal as a result of John Lewis’ opposition to the fourth term.

When this reporter last week visited Luzerne and Lackawanna Counties, Republican leaders were disappointed because they thought Mr. Dewey would be unable to appear in their area. At that time, it appeared that. Lackawanna County was safely in the Roosevelt column, although by a reduced majority as compared to 1940, and that the race in Luzerne was closer although Mr. Roosevelt was favored.

Fourth speech in state

This will be Mr. Dewey’s third appearance in the state since the campaign began and the Scranton speech will be his fourth in Pennsylvania. He previously has spoken in Pittsburgh and Philadelphia and in July was here for conferences with local political and other leaders.

Mr. Dewey’s running mate, Ohio Governor John W. Bricker, will speak in Philadelphia Friday night, his fifth speaking engagement in the state. Previously, he has delivered addresses in Pittsburgh, Erie, Harrisburg and Wilkes-Barre.

Led by Governor Martin, who is speaking almost nightly, state Republicans have scheduled an intensive series of rallies to wind up the campaign. Mr. Martin will speak tomorrow night in McKeesport and Wilkinsburg.

Democrats also busy

Meanwhile, the Democrats were also gunning for the state’s “crucial” 35 electoral votes.

Senator Harry S. Truman, vice-presidential candidate, will spend Thursday in the district, capping off his tour with a major address in Syria Mosque at night. On the same program with him will be Gifford Pinchot, former Governor, and top CIO and AFL officials.

The Republicans will hold a local rally Thursday night in North Side Carnegie Hall.

Nice, if he can do it?
Italian says he’ll stop war tonight with cosmic ray

Rome in flurry as scientist claims his device will halt all motors and engines

I DARE SAY —
Happy birthday

By Florence Fisher Parry

New plan to speed mail to prisoners


Paper shortage will continue

A sobering influence –
Civilian production, reconversion delayed by Nazi resistance

Earlier optimism blamed for lag in war output and drift of workers to peace jobs
By Dale McFeatters, Press business editor

Jail to classroom?
Reeducation plan mapped for Germany

Experts who scorned Hitler may aid

MESA leader told to explain WLB defiance

13 war plants closed in Toledo

americavotes1944

PAGOP’s head called in booklet quiz

Senate investigates story about Hillman

Washington (UP) –
Senate Campaign Expenditures Subcommittee today called on Chairman Harvey Taylor of the Pennsylvania State Republican Committee to testify on distribution of campaign literature linking President Roosevelt with Chairman Sidney Hillman of the CIO Political Action Committee.

The committee sought to determine whether the Pennsylvania GOP organization played a part in the reported distribution of three to five million copies of a pamphlet reprinted from an article entitled “Hillman Takes Over the New Deal.” The original article appeared in the Trades Union News of Philadelphia, published by George Simmons.

Mr. Simmons and S. E. Blodgett, auditor of the R. H. Donnelly Company, which was said to have contracted to distribute the pamphlets, were called to testify along with Mr. Taylor.

Jack Kroll of Columbus, Ohio (CIO regional director for Cincinnati), was also summoned to appear in connection with the publication of another pamphlet, this one attacking Senator Robert A. Taft (R-OH) and urging his defeat.

americavotes1944

Dewey foes cite ‘sweatshop’ fear

Democratic leaders of McKeesport last night were warned that a Republican victory for Thomas E. Dewey over President Roosevelt in the November election would mean “a return to the old days of sweatshops and the days when to strike meant getting your brains knocked out.”

The speaker was William Morgan, head of the National Citizens Political Action Committee in McKeesport, who addressed Democratic leaders of McKeesport’s 41 districts at a pre-election rally in the Penn-McKee Hotel.

‘Ambitions’ denied

Mr. Morgan declared that the PAC has no political ambitions and “we don’t want to take over the Democratic Party.” He said the only purpose of the PAC was to see that people vote and that records of the candidates are publicized.

Dr. C. C. Kline, chairman of the Speakers Committee of Allegheny County and welfare director for the City of Pittsburgh, told the McKeesport Democrats that Democratic leaders are exultant over the overwhelming sentiment noticeable among the rank and file favoring the reelection of President Roosevelt. He prefaced his remarks by commenting on various endorsements of the Roosevelt candidacy by Republicans.

Others also speak

Other speakers at the rally included Will J. Yester, Democratic incumbent in the 9th Legislative District and Congressman Samuel Weiss, incumbent from the 33rd District who is also a candidate for reelection.

Senator Harry S. Truman, candidate for Vice President, will speak in McKeesport on Thursday.

americavotes1944

Christian Science Monitor endorses Dewey

Boston, Massachusetts (UP) –
The Christian Science Monitor today endorsed the presidential candidacy of Governor Thomas E. Dewey in the belief that “changing horses is the best way to get across the streams ahead.”

In 1940, the Monitor favored Wendell Willkie for President.

Asserting that “we do not believe that Franklin Roosevelt is going to make himself a dictator,” the Monitor said that nevertheless “long tenure smothers alternative leadership. The third term was advocated as a necessity in a crisis. So is a fourth. Will there be no grave national problems in 1948?”

Long tenure, the Monitor added, develops a “papa knows best attitude which is the antithesis of democracy.”