Heath: Mr. Dewey gets help in writing his speeches
By S. Burton Heath
While Peter Edson is absent from Washington, Mr. Heath’s series from Albany is being substituted.
Albany, New York –
During the next three months you are going to hear and read a lot of speeches by Thomas E. Dewey as the campaigns for the Presidency. You may be interested to learn how these will be prepared. I can give you a pretty good idea.
Let’s suppose that Governor Dewey has accepted an invitation to speak in your city on a certain date.
He will call into conference about half a dozen men. They will probably include Eliott Bell (former member of The New York Times editorial board and for several years Mr. Dewey’s personal adviser on financial matters), James C. Hagerty (former political reporter for that paper), Paul Lockwood (longtime intimate friend and associate), John Burton (since 1938 Mr. Dewey’s chief research assistant), Charles Breitel (his former law partner), Hickman Powell (writer who has been associated with every campaign Mr. Dewey has made).
Mr. Bell is now his superintendent of banks, Mr. Hagerty his executive assistant, Mr. Lockwood his secretary, Mr. Burton his budget director, Mr. Breitel his counsel, Mr. Powell is research specialist on farm problems for the GOP National Committee.
Free-for-all
To this group, Mr. Dewey may present a very tentative first draft of the projected talk. More probably he will tell them in broad terms what he proposes to say. If any disagree, there may be a free-for-all without gloves until substantial accord can be attained.
Then one or more of the subordinates will volunteer or be asked to prepare a draft. If more than one is written, the best material from all will be combined by somebody – often Mr. Powell – into a single version.
One participant tells me:
There is no pride of authorship in the members of this group, though sometimes we will fight for a phrase of which we are proud.
This working version combines Mr. Dewey’s ideas (as modified, often, by the discussion) and the facts and figures obtained from or checked with the most accurate sources to be found. Mr. Dewey is a “bug” on checking all data.
There is another get-together on this draft. If the speech is to be a major opus, somewhere along the line four other men are liable to be called in. These are George Medalie (who first brought Mr. Dewey into public life), Roger W. Straus (mining expert and philanthropist), John Foster Dulles (expert on international affairs) and National Chairman Herbert Brownell.
As the campaign goes on other consultants will be added. A speech to be made in California, for example, would be taken up with one or more trusted advisers from that state; one for the Midwest would be gone over with persons who know at first hand the problems and sentiments of that region.
Mrs. Dewey enters
At about this stage Mrs. Dewey looks over the draft. One regular participant cannot recall a single speech which she did not see shortly before the final version was prepared. Nor is her part perfunctory. She makes suggestions as to both content and form, and often they are taken.
At last, a draft, now pretty well worked to correct length, is taken by Mr. Dewey into seclusion. From it as raw material he dictates – or writes in longhand with pencil on legal-size ruled yellow paper pads – his own words. He may, and often does, lift a smooth phrase intact – Mr. Powell and Mr. Burton are good at catchphrases, but so is Mr. Dewey himself. Some of the best are his own.
He dictates or writes methodically and meticulously. His principal editing job consists of chopping long sentences into shorter ones and arranging his phrases so that when delivered they will fit into the rhythm of his speaking style.
The acceptance speech was a partial exception to this procedure. He started on that Tuesday morning, locked in a room in the Executive Mansion. That evening he went over it with Messrs. Bell, Lockwood, Powell and Hagerty and smoothed it out on the plane flying to Chicago.