| Present | ||
|---|---|---|
| United States | United Kingdom | Soviet Union |
| President Roosevelt | Prime Minister Churchill | Marshal Stalin |
| Mr. Hopkins | Foreign Secretary Eden | Foreign Commissar Molotov |
| Mr. Harriman | Sir Archibald Clark Kerr | Mr. Pavlov |
| Mr. Bohlen | Major Birse |
The Declaration on Iran and the Conference communiqué were discussed and put into final form.
Harry Truman?
We – The President of the United States, the Prime Minister of Great Britain, and the Premier of Soviet Russia, Marshal of the Red Army, have met these four days past, in this city of Tehran, and have bent our united efforts toward solutions of our military and political problems.
We express our determination that our nations shall work together in war and in the peace that will follow.
As to war – our military staffs have joined in our roundtable discussions, and we have concerted our plans for the final destruction of the German forces. We have reached complete agreement as to the scope and timing of the operations which will be undertaken from the East, West and South, and arrangements were made to ensure intimate and continuous cooperation.
As to peace – the road is still bloody and hard and long. But the common understanding which he we have here reached guarantees that victory will be ours.
And as to post-war plans – our mutual understanding [?] gives us courage to hope for an enduring peace. We recognize fully our great responsibilities to help in the writing determination of a peace which will meet approval of the greater part of the peoples of the world, and ensure a lasting surcease from war.
With our diplomatic advisors we have surveyed the problems of the future, [(] and we now reiterate our aim to strengthen democratic principles in the world. We shall seek the cooperation and the active participation of all nations, large and small, whose people in heart and mind are dedicated, as are our own peoples, to the elimination of tyranny and slavery, oppression and intolerance. We will welcome them, as they may choose to come, into a world family of democratic nations. [)]
[(] We say to the German people:[)]
[(] “We do not seek to enslave you. We do mean to destroy not only your military forces, but also the false leaders who have led a generation of Germans into bitter excesses against common decencies, culminating with your being plunged, by this same leadership, into a useless war which has cost caused millions of your sons to die, and may sacrifice millions more.” [)]
“ No power on earth can prevent our destroying the German armies by land, their submarines by sea, and their industrial war plants from the air. Our attack will be relentless.”
Emerging from these conferences we look with confidence toward the day when all peoples of the world may live free lives, untouched by tyranny, and according to their varying desires and their consciences.
We came here with hope and determination. We leave here, friends in actuality fact, in spirit as well as in purpose.
And we shall meet again as the war – and the peace – progresses!
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
WINSTON CHURCHILL
JOSEPH STALIN
WE – The President of the United States, The Prime Minister of Great Britain, and The Premier of Soviet Russia, Marshal of the Red Army, have met these four days past, in this city of Tehran [& have shaped & formed confirmed our united policy for the future] and have bent our [their] united efforts toward solutions of our their our military and political problems. of the three great allies
We express our determination that our nations shall work together in war and in the peace that will follow.
As to war – our military staffs have joined in our roundtable discussions, and we have concerted our plans for the final destruction of the German forces. We have reached complete agreement as to the scope and timing of the operations which will to be undertaken from the East, West and South, and arrangements were made to ensure intimate and continuous cooperation.
The road is still bloody and hard and long. But t The common understanding which we have here reached guarantees that victory will be ours.
And as to peace – our mutual belief we are confident that it will our concord gives us courage to hope that we may will make it endure. We recognize fully our great the supreme responsibilitiesy resting upon us & all the United Nations to help in the determination making of make a peace which will meet approval of the greater part command the good will of the overwhelming mass of the peoples of the world, and ensure a lasting surcease from war banish the scourge & terror of war for many generations.
With our diplomatic advisors we have surveyed the problems of the future. We shall seek the cooperation and the active participation of all nations, large and small, whose peoples in heart and mind are dedicated, as are our own peoples, to the elimination of tyranny and slavery, oppression and intolerance. We will welcome them, as they may choose to come, into a world family of democratic nations.
No power on earth can prevent our destroying the German armies by land, their submarines U boats by sea, and their war plants & armies from the air.
Our attack will be relentless & increasing.
Emerging from these cordial conferences we look with confidence toward the day when all peoples of the world may live free lives, untouched by tyranny, and according to their varying desires and their own consciences.
We came here with hope and determination. We leave here, friends in fact, in spirit as well as & in purpose.
And And we shall meet again as the war – and the peace – progresses!
We – The President of the United States, The Prime Minister of Great Britain, and the Premier of the Soviet Russia Union, Marshal of the Red Army, have met these four days past, in this city of Tehran, the capital of our ally, Iran, and have shaped and confirmed our mutual common policy.
We express our determination that our nations shall work together in war and in the peace that will follow.
As to war – our military staffs have joined in our roundtable discussions, and we have concerted our plans for the final destruction of the German forces. We have reached complete agreement as to the scope and timing of the operations which will to be undertaken from the East, West and South, and arrangements were made to ensure intimate and continuous cooperation.
The road is still bloody and hard and long. But t The common understanding which we have reached guarantees that victory will be ours.
And as to peace – we are confident sure that our concord will make it win an enduring peace. We recognize fully the supreme responsibility resting upon us and all the United Nations to make a peace which will command the good will of the overwhelming mass of the peoples of the world, and banish the scourge and terror of war for many generations.
With our diplomatic advisors we have surveyed the problems of the future. We shall seek the cooperation and the active participation of all nations, large and small, whose peoples in heart and mind are dedicated, as are our own peoples, to the elimination of tyranny and slavery, oppression and intolerance. We will welcome them, as they may choose to come, into a world family of democratic nations.
No power on earth can prevent our destroying the German armies by land, their U-boats by sea, and their war plants and armies from the air.
Our attack will be relentless and increasing.
Emerging from these cordial friendly (in Russian) cordial (in English) conferences we look with confidence to toward the day when all peoples of the world may live free lives, untouched by tyranny, and according to their varying desires and their own consciences.
We came here with hope and determination. We leave here, friends in fact, in spirit and in purpose.
And we shall meet again as the war – and the peace – progresses!
FDR
S
C
Tehran, Iran
December 1, 1943
As corrected this becomes the final draft.
December 1, 1943
To be released to the Press
8:00 p.m. Moscow Time
December 6, 1943
The President of the United States, the Premier of the USSR, and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, having consulted with each other and with the Prime Minister of Iran, desire to declare the mutual agreement of their three Governments regarding their relations with Iran.
The Governments of the United States, the USSR, and the United Kingdom recognize the assistance which Iran has given in the prosecution of the war against the common enemy, particularly by facilitating the transportation of supplies from overseas to the Soviet Union.
The Three Governments realize that the war has caused special economic difficulties for Iran, and they are agreed that they will continue to make available to the Government of Iran such economic assistance as may be possible, having regard to the heavy demands made upon them by their world-wide military operations and to the worldwide shortage of transport, raw materials, and supplies for civilian consumption.
With respect to the post-war period, the Governments of the United States, the USSR, and the United Kingdom are in accord with the Government of Iran that any economic problems confronting Iran at the close of hostilities should receive full consideration, along with those of other members of the United Nations, by conferences or international agencies held or created to deal with international economic matters.
The Governments of the United States, the USSR, and the United Kingdom are at one with the Government of Iran in their desire for the maintenance of the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Iran. They count upon the participation of Iran, together with all other peace-loving nations, in the establishment of international peace, security and prosperity after the war, in accordance with the principles of the Atlantic Charter, to which all four Governments have subscribed.
WINSTON S. CHURCHILL
И. СТАЛИН
FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT
Spoiler alert: "If the US is controling the Panama canal without consent of Panama, and the British contol the Suez canal without consent of Egypt, why should the SU need the consent of Turkey to control the “Russian Straits” " (quoted from memory only)
Cut out by ? Because of what reason?
Bracketed for possible deletion from the final communiqué. I’m not quite sure why.
If we know who we will know why. At the eastern front German communist units had been sending messages like this. If it was Stalin, he wanted to get more Germans than the Britts.
And made parts of Iran occupied, or made “Indepedent Peoples Republics”.
The Teheran Conference is case study of why the Euro/American view of history is not shared.
The Pittsburgh Press (December 1, 1943)
Chiang also with ‘Big Three’ in Iran, dispatches from Turkey say
By the United Press
Dispatches received in Lisbon from the Middle East today said that President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin have opened a momentous conference in Tehran, Iran, and that Generalissimo and Mme. Chiang Kai-shek were also in the Iranian capital.
The Lisbon daily O Século published a dispatch quoting the Inter-Information Agency of Ankara that the “Big Three” leaders were meeting in Tehran where they had been joined by Laurence Steinhardt, U.S. Ambassador to Turkey.
It gave no indication as to whether Gen. Chiang would participate. American and other Allied shortwave radio transmitters in broadcasts to the world said that the Chinese leader had conferred with Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Churchill in Cairo recently and suggested that he would also meet Premier Stalin.
Sensation for Nazis
Axis broadcasts and copies of German and neutral European newspapers reaching Lisbon indicated that reports of the meeting had created a sensation throughout the Nazi-occupied continent.
Both Axis and neutral accounts agreed on the importance of the reported conference, particularly in that Stalin was said to be participating.
They indicated that Berlin had been taken by surprise. German propaganda for months has hammered at the idea that Stalin could not be brought into agreement with his allies.
Appeasement for Chinese
Radio Tokyo followed the line that Chiang had been included to “appease” the Chinese for their non-participation in the recent Moscow conference of foreign ministers.
Most broadcasts agreed that a communiqué covering at least the Roosevelt-Churchill-Chiang meeting would be issued sometime this week.
Almost all the broadcasts reported the meetings without qualification and said they were “announced” in a dispatch carried by the British news agency Reuters from Lisbon.
Cairo communications cut
An American broadcast to France, typical of all the Allied broadcasts, said that all communications between Cairo and the outside world were cut during the lengthy conference among Mr. Roosevelt, Mr. Churchill and Generalissimo Chiang. One of the meetings was said to have been held in a tent in the shadow of the Pyramids.
Mr. Roosevelt and Generalissimo Chiang, who was accompanied by Mme. Chiang, flew to Egypt and Mr. Churchill arrived by ship, the broadcast said.
Broadcast by Dakar
The American broadcast said:
The President of the United States, the British Premier and the chief of the Chinese government, following their meeting in Cairo, are now heading for an unknown destination, in order to meet Marshal Stalin.
The Allied-controlled stations in Dakar and Brazzaville, as well as that in Leopoldville, made similar broadcasts.
The Germans, apparently monitoring a Reuters broadcast to its overseas clients, picked up the British agency’s Lisbon dispatch and reissued it to Nazi foreign clients within a half-hour yesterday, the Office of War Information reported.
Nazi propaganda
Quickly developing their propaganda line, the Germans put out a dispatch under the signature of Dr. Siegfried Horn, DNB’s diplomatic correspondent, saying that the United States and Britain had been forced to “make concessions to the Soviet Union.”
Though his agency relayed the report through the medium of American shortwave broadcasts, Director Elmer Davis of the OWI denounced Reuters’ distribution of the dispatch reporting the three- and four-power meetings as “reprehensible.”
If such a conference had been held, he said, it could be assumed from past experience that some arrangement would be made for a simultaneous announcement “in all the capitals involved.”
Sees broken release
Mr. Davis said:
If that were the case, Reuters broke the release date. If there were no conference, the story would be an invention. Either way, it is equally reprehensible.
Mr. Davis said OWI broadcast the report because, since “everybody else” was handling it, the OWI should “give its own customers something, too.”
The Reuters Agency, according to a Dow Jones report from London, today took exception to the criticism by Elmer Davis, saying he should have made a search for the facts on the Roosevelt-Churchill-Stalin conference. Reuters said there was no embargo or restriction agreed, or otherwise, on sending anywhere the story of the meeting. The story was the result of spontaneous journalistic enterprise by Douglas Brown, chief of the Reuters bureau in Lisbon. Reuters said it was not allowed to publish the story in London but sent it to clients overseas.
Says Beneš may attend
The Stockholm Svenska Dagbladet reported from Berne that both President Roosevelt and Mr. Churchill arrived in North Africa by warship, accompanied by high military authorities and diplomats. The dispatch said that Edvard Beneš, President of the Czech government-in-exile, was expected to attend the meeting involving Marshal Stalin as an observer, while the French Committee of National Liberation would also be represented.
The dispatch said:
The meeting [with Marshal Stalin] is expected to formulate conditions for Germany’s capitulation and probably will result in an Allied declaration to the German people and a similar declaration to the satellites urging the withdrawal of their troops to their own countries.
An earlier Ankara dispatch reported that U.S. Ambassador Steinhardt had returned to Ankara last night after a week-long “mysterious trip” which foreign circles linked with a three-power meeting. The “foreign” sources suggested that Mr. Steinhardt had been summoned to give expert counsel to Mr. Roosevelt in view of Turkey’s possible role in an offensive in Southeastern Europe.
Soviet Premier would bar future German armies by using enemy manpower for reconstruction
By Robert Musel, United Press staff writer
London, England –
Premier Stalin may lay before President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Churchill at their prospective meeting a plan to forestall German preparations for a third World War by recruiting Germany’s manpower to rebuild devastated Europe.
The Germans, foreseeing the possibility of defeat in this war, were reported systemically annihilating the manpower of occupied countries to handicap their recuperation in the post-war years and give Germany a head start in preparing for another war within 10-15 years.
Sources usually familiar with Soviet policy predicted that Marshal Stalin was preparing to propose a staggering demand on the Reich’s manpower to accomplish the double purpose of rebuilding Europe and keeping the war timber of the future out of Germany.
In occupied Europe, an area almost half the size of the United States must be rebuilt. The Germans themselves have stated that an organization one million strong would require several decades to restore occupied Russia alone, and the Soviets probably envision even a greater reconstruction army.
By transporting potential German soldiers out of the Reich for such reconstruction, informants said, any attempt to organize a powerful, though illegal, army inside Germany would be thwarted and the youth would be exposed to other regimes that might help counteract the indoctrinated Hitler ideology.
These sources said that it was no coincidence that the American and British correspondents were taken to the scene of the Babi Yar slaughter of tens of thousands of Russians during their recent tour of Kiev.
The Babi Yar massacre was symptomatic of the planned annihilation of manpower which the Germans have practiced with increasing desperation throughout Europe as the hopelessness of their cause has become apparent, informants maintained.
This is nonsence, somehow the US media was willing to promote the most stupid Soviet propaganda.
U.S. State Department (December 1, 1943)
Wednesday, December 1 (at Tehran)
| 11:30 a.m. | The President signed official mail. There were no Congressional matters included in this mail. |
| 11:40 a.m. | The President visited the branch post exchange in the Russian Embassy and made several purchases of souvenirs and articles to be used as gifts. |
| 11:50 a.m. | A Dr. Millspaugh, an American and the fiscal manager for the Iranian Government, called on the President. Colonel Elliott Roosevelt left Tehran, in his own plane, for Cairo en route to his post of duty in Northwest Africa. |
| 12:00 (noon) | The President met with the Prime Minister, Marshal Stalin, Foreign Minister Eden, Ambassador Harriman, Mr. Harry L. Hopkins, Commissar Molotov, Ambassador Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, Major Birse, Mr. Berezhkov and Mr. Bohlen. The meeting was at the Russian Embassy. |
| 1:00 p.m. | The President and all those conferring with him since noon had lunch at the Russian Embassy. The party resumed conference discussions immediately after lunch and remained in session until 4:00 p.m., when they adjourned to meet again at 6:00 p.m. |
| 6:00 p.m. | The President, the Prime Minister and Marshal Stalin and those conferring with them earlier during the afternoon met again for further discussions. These discussions continued right up until dinner time. |
| 8:30 p.m. | The President was host at dinner at the Russian Embassy to all those present at the 6:00 p.m. conference. Conference discussions were resumed after dinner and continued until 10:30 p.m., during which the President, the Prime Minister and Marshal Stalin agreed on a communiqué to be issued to the press after the President’s subsequent departure from Cairo. A copy of this communiqué is appended, marked Appendix “D.” |
| 10:30 p.m. | At 10:30 p.m., the President bade the Marshal and other members of the Soviet Delegation goodbye and was whisked away from the Russian Embassy by auto and driven to the nearby U.S. Army Camp Amirabad where he and his party spent the night. We arrived at the camp (Colonels’ quarters D 13-15) at 10:45 p.m. and the President retired shortly thereafter. Camp Amirabad is at the foot of the Elburz Mountains and it was rather cold there. Some of our party required three or more blankets to keep warm that night. |
| The flight to Tehran from Cairo, and return, had been pronounced practical by Major Bryan provided weather conditions were favorable. During unfavorable conditions clouds over the mountain passes would require flying at elevations higher than Admiral McIntire was willing to have the President and some other members of the party go. Weather reports from the westward had, therefore, been watched carefully throughout our stay at Tehran and fortunately conditions had remained ideal. However this (Wednesday) morning information was received of a cold front passing Cairo, which the local aerologists predicted might blankoff the mountain passes on Friday. It was, therefore, decided to make every effort to complete business on Wednesday in order that the President might leave Tehran Thursday morning. Both the Russian and British groups had to readjust their schedule to carry this out and their willingness to do so was another demonstration of the spirit that animated all conferees to work harmoniously together. | |
| During the forenoon the President autographed a photograph of himself for presentation to the Shah of Iran. The photograph, mounted in a silver frame, was handed to Minister Dreyfus who was requested to make the presentation. | |
| Gifts of American cigarettes and chocolate candy bars were presented to all members of the household staff of the Russian Embassy. | |
| The American and British Chiefs of Staff left Tehran today for return to Cairo, where they were scheduled to resume their conferences. Their party stopped overnight at Jerusalem on the way south. A “Three Power Agreement” (between the United States, Great Britain and Russia) to guarantee Iran’s territorial integrity, sovereignty and political independence was signed at Tehran today by President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Marshal Stalin. |
The victims had been Russians. Not Soviet, not Ukrainians, not Jews. And because of this Russians (Antisemites will know that the Russians had been Ashkenasi) enslaving of Germans is justified. It is UP, not VB, and not Russia Today.
Tehran, December 1, 1943
Secret
The Conference:
Agreed that the Partisans in Yugoslavia should be supported by supplies and equipment to the greatest possible extent, and also by commando operations:
Agreed that, from the military point of view, it was most desirable that Turkey should come into the war on the side of the Allies before the end of the year:
Took note of Marshal Stalin’s statement that if Turkey found herself at war with Germany, and as a result Bulgaria declared war on Turkey or attacked her, the Soviet would immediately be at war with Bulgaria. The Conference further took note that this fact could be explicitly stated in the forthcoming negotiations to bring Turkey into the war:
Took note that Operation OVERLORD would be launched during May 1944, in conjunction with an operation against Southern France. The latter operation would be undertaken in as great a strength as availability of landing-craft permitted. The Conference further took note of Marshal Stalin’s statement that the Soviet forces would launch an offensive at about the same time with the object of preventing the German forces from transferring from the Eastern to the Western Front:
Agreed that the military staffs of the three Powers should henceforward keep in close touch with each other in regard to the impending operations in Europe. In particular it was agreed that a cover plan to mystify and mislead the enemy as regards these operations should be concerted between the staffs concerned.
FDR
ИC
WSC
Thursday, December 2 (at Tehran; en route Tehran to Cairo; at Cairo)
| 8:37 a.m. | The President, riding in a jeep, left his quarters at Camp Amirabad to inspect the camp and its personnel. In the jeep with the President was Major General Connolly. The party proceeded to the area in front of the Commanding General’s headquarters, where honors were rendered to the President by an honor company and the post band. From here the President was driven about the camp. The President stopped at the post hospital for a few minutes and, remaining in his jeep, made a few impromptu remarks to a group of Army patients and hospital personnel (approximately 75) who were assembled in front of the hospital. His remarks are appended, marked Appendix “E.” The party then returned to the area in front of the Commanding General’s headquarters, where some 3,000 personnel of Camp Amirabad were drawn up for the President’s inspection. The President’s jeep was driven onto a low platform and, again from his jeep, the President made an impromptu speech to those assembled. A copy of his remarks is appended, marked “F.” |
| 9:10 a.m. | On completion of his address, the President departed Camp Amirabad for Gale Morghe Airport. Outside Camp Amirabad the President transferred from the jeep to a staff car for the ride to the airport. Our route from Camp Amirabad to Gale Morghe skirted Tehran to the southward. It was over dirt roads mostly and was very dusty. |
| 9:30 a.m. | Arrived Gale Morghe Airport. The President and his party embarked in the planes. |
| 9:46 a.m. | The President’s plane departed Tehran for Cairo. In the President’s plane with him were: Mr. Hopkins, Admiral Leahy, Admiral Brown, Admiral McIntire, General Watson, Major Boettiger, Captain Flythe (Medical Corps, USA), Lt-Commander Fox, Lieutenant (jg.) Rigdon, Secret Service Agents Spaman, Fredericks and Spicer, and Steward Prettyman. |
| 12:00 (noon) | Our plane passed over Baghdad and circled the city before proceeding on. |
| 3:30 p.m. | Our plane crossed over the Suez Canal. |
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Tehran is the terminus of our Persian Gulf supply line for lend-lease material sent to Russia. Actually it is nearby Kazvin where the supplies are turned over to the Soviets. These supplies are shipped by rail and motor convoy from Abadan and Khorramshahr through Tehran to Kazvin. Planes are assembled at Abadan (on the Persian Gulf) and flown here for delivery to the Soviets. Some few planes are flown from Abadan by Soviet pilots. All movements of planes north from Tehran and supplies north from Kazvin are handled by the Soviets. To date they have been very careful not to permit our men beyond those points.
Our forces here bring in all of their foodstuffs. Nothing is bought locally. This is done because of the extreme scarcity of foodstuffs in Iran and consequently, in order not to deprive the Iranians of what little there is. This practice also helps greatly in keeping retail prices down. There is real inflation prevalent here – automobile tires are reported to be selling for $2,000 each; a “fifth” of whiskey for $40; a cake of toilet soap for 60¢ (United States currency). Even though there was an absence of fresh vegetables, the diet fed us by the Army while in Tehran was most appetizing.
There are two U.S. Army camps located near Tehran – Camp Amirabad and Camp Atterbury. There are approximately 30,000 officers and enlisted men of our Army stationed in the Persian Gulf Service Command, whose headquarters are at Tehran.
Brigadier General Sweet directs the U.S. Army motor truck transport in Iran and Iraq. He keeps the American supplies rolling through to Russia over the trans-Iranian route.
Major General Connolly and Brigadier General Hurley were both on the job constantly during our visit to personally see that the President and members of his party were well cared for.
The following U.S. Army officers, on duty in Tehran area, served as interpreters for our party while we were in Tehran: Major O. Pantuhoff, Major N. E. Mitchell, Captain Charles Berman, and Second Lieutenant Boris Alexander.
The weather during our entire stay in Tehran was delightful. The days were mild and the nights cold. There was no central heating in Tehran. Most of the buildings are heated by portable oil stoves. The Russian Embassy is the only steam-heated building in the city, we were told.
Mount Demavand (Elburz Mountains) near Tehran is 18,456 feet high.
Nice wide streets here. The roadways are paved but most of the sidewalks are not, causing the city to appear very dusty and dirty.
The city’s transportation system was apparently most inadequate. It consisted mainly of a very few small buses, which were invariably packed, and horse-drawn “droshkies” [droshkies].
While in Tehran the President presented autographed photographs (mounted in silver frames) to Marshal Stalin and to the Shah of Iran.
It was most evident that every individual member of our Army stationed in Tehran was delighted at our visit and for the opportunity to discuss home and home folks.
. . . . . .
Völkischer Beobachter (December 2, 1943)
Konferenz der Bluffstrategen in Teheran
vb. Wien, 1. Dezember –
Da die militärische Lage der Raubkoalition an der Ostfront, in Italien und in Ostasien keineswegs den Erwartungen entspricht, die aus den großmäuligen Erklärungen Churchills, Roosevelts und Stalins zur Zeit der Konferenzen von Quebec und Moskau herauszulesen waren, haben sich diese drei Betrüger zu einem neuen Kunstgriff entschlossen: sie nehmen ihre Zuflucht wieder einmal zum Nervenkrieg. Nach Meldungen aus Kairo haben dort Roosevelt und Churchill Besprechungen abgehalten, zu denen auch Tschiangkaischek hinzugezogen wurde. Wie es weiter heißt, werden sie sich nunmehr nach Teheran begeben, um dort oder anderswo mit Stalin zusammenzutreffen.
Die feindliche Agitation bemüht sich schon jetzt, diese Besprechungen als Zeichen der Einigkeit über alle Streitfragen, als Ausgangspunkt neuer militärischer Unternehmungen und nicht zuletzt als Steigerung der Nervenoffensive hinzustellen.
In dieser Hinsicht ist eine Meldung des Stockholmer Svenska Dagbladet bemerkenswert, derzufolge Churchill, Roosevelt und Stalin allen Ernstes einen Aufruf an das deutsche Volk und seine Verbündeten richten wollen, in dem sie naiverweise zum Selbstmord auffordern würden. Dieser Aufruf würde nämlich die „unbedingte Übergabe“ Deutschlands verlangen. Man würde sich also tatsächlich von einer Wiederholung des italienischen Experiments am denkbar untauglichsten Objekt etwas versprechen!
Das deutsche Volk, das sich durch keine Wechselfälle dieses Krieges jemals in seinem Siegesbewußtsein beirren ließ, kann nur darüber lachen, wenn man sich draußen einbildet, sein starkes Herz mit papierenen Kugeln treffen zu können. Wenn der Führer in seiner Münchener Rede versicherte, er werde niemals die Nerven verlieren, so gilt das auch von unserem ganzen Volk, das sich durch den Kriegsverlauf niemals aus der Fassung bringen ließ und erst recht bei den schweren Luftangriffen im letzten Kriegsabschnitt Kaltblütigkeit, Ruhe und nüchternen Verstand behielt und damit auch diese Schrecken zu besiegen wußte.
Daß es dafür um die Nerven auf der Gegenseite um so schlechter steht, dafür ist gerade diese Konferenz ein beredter Beweis. Sie verrät einmal, daß die Moskauer Konferenz keineswegs alle Streitpunkte zwischen diesen drei Partnern ausgeräumt hat und daß sie auf einen Sieg mit den Waffen nicht mehr zu hoffen wagen.
Ihre ganze Hoffnung richtet sich daher auf die Zersetzung des deutschen Kampfwillens, auf eine Generaloffensive gegen die Nerven unseres Volkes, was ein Neuyorker Bericht von Svenska Dagbladet dahin überschreibt, man wolle „psychologische Riesenbomben auf Deutschland werfen.“
Einig und entschlossen im Kampf um unser Leben, unsere Ehre und unsere Zukunft werden wir schon dafür sorgen, daß auch diesmal der feindliche Nervenkrieg nur die ohnehin schon überreizten Nerven ihrer Urheber belastet und zum Zerreißen bringt. Im übrigen werden auch hier Roosevelt und Churchill nur Handlanger Stalins sein, dem sie schon auf der Moskauer Konferenz Europa, das ihnen gar nicht gehört, zu Füßen, legten. Es ist bezeichnend, daß gerade jetzt der Bankrotteur Benesch in Moskau einen Vertrag unterschreiben will, durch den er sich und seinesgleichen dem absoluten Gebot Moskaus unterwirft, daß also Stalin bereits dazu übergeht, Vasallen heranzukommandieren, die als erste bolschewisiert werden sollen.
Stalin weiß wohl ganz genau, daß seine ganzen Bemühungen, die englisch-amerikanische Beihilfe zu seinen Plänen zu erhalten, praktisch überhaupt nichts bedeuten, da ihnen die Ostfront den Weg nach Europa versperrt und die deutsche Wehrmacht auch Briten und Amerikaner energisch in Schach hält. Auch er hat daher das größte Interesse daran, durch einen Nervenkrieg zu versuchen, was auf dem Schlachtfeld nicht gelingt, zumal er aus zwingenden Gründen immer wieder sehr dringlich betont hat, daß die Sowjets unbedingt den Krieg schnell zu Ende bringen müßten. Die Nervenoffensive richtet sich also keineswegs nur gegen Deutschland, sondern sie zielt darüber hinaus darauf ab, Europa dem bolschewistischen Einbruch zu ebnen und damit den Sieg der bolschewistischen Weltrevolution auch über die drei Bundesgenossen zu entscheiden, mit denen sich Stalin jetzt trifft.
The Pittsburgh Press (December 2, 1943)
Joseph Stalin, President Roosevelt and Winston Churchill were reported drafting the obituary of Nazi Germany in Tehran today in a conference paralleling that in Cairo where plans were agreed upon for stripping Japan of her empire and forcing her unconditional surrender.
Unofficial reports circulated that the leaders of Russia, the United States and Great Britain were framing an ultimatum to Germany demanding immediate capitulation on pain of progressively severe terms.
Congressional quarters in Washington accepted as completely factual the reports that Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Churchill had proceeded to Tehran to meet Stalin after their meeting in Cairo with Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of China.
A subsidiary conference in Cairo on Mediterranean strategy under Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower gave rise to reports of plans for a new invasion of Southern Europe, perhaps in the Balkans.
By Edward W. Beattie, United Press staff writer
London, England –
President Roosevelt, Prime Minister Churchill and Premier Stalin were reported conferring in Tehran today and observers believed they were mapping a post-war program to “quarantine” Germany and saddle her manpower, raw materials and production for rebuilding stricken Europe.
Through such a program, observers were convinced, the “Big Three” Allied Western powers plan to punish Germany and smash her ability to make future wars as completely as Mr. Roosevelt, Mr. Churchill and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek plotted the crushing of Japan in Cairo.
No confirmation
There was no official confirmation of the whereabouts of Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Churchill since their departure from Cairo for an “unknown destination” following the Anglo-American-Chinese Conference, but a dispatch in a Lisbon newspaper reported they had already begun conversations with Premier Stalin in Tehran, capital of Iran. The Ankara radio also said that Stalin and Mr. Roosevelt were in Tehran.
Laurence Steinhardt, U.S. Ambassador to Turkey, was also reported by Lisbon to have flown to Tehran. There has been widespread speculation that the Allies may prevail upon Turkey to grant them bases for an Anglo-American invasion to liberate the Balkans in conjunction with a Soviet drive from southern Ukraine.
If later developments confirm Stalin’s presence at a conference with Mr. Roosevelt and Mr. Churchill, it will be the first time in 31 years that the Soviet leader has left the borders of Russia.
Terms for Nazis
“Second-front” considerations were expected to play little part in any Roosevelt-Churchill-Stalin meeting, since it can be assumed that Anglo-American plans for an invasion of Western Europe at the earliest possible moment are already well advanced.
The three heads of state will probably fix the approximate terms for Germany’s unconditional surrender and post-war treatment so that the Allies will not be caught without adequate plans in the event of Germany’s sudden and unexpected collapse from within, as they were when Italy surrendered.
The conferees may frame an ultimatum demanding Germany’s immediate capitulation on pain of increasingly severe terms if the Germans persist in their policy of scorched-earth retreats.
Plans for new war?
The German plan appears to be to denude occupied Europe of all its able-bodied manpower by murder, maiming and sterilization to delay its recovery and give Germany a head start in preparations for a new world war 10-15 years hence.
To speed the rehabilitation of occupied countries and at the same time prevent Germany from preparing for another war, Mr. Roosevelt, Mr. Churchill and Premier Stalin were expected to seek to “quarantine” the Reich by a strict system of controls that will occupy all her manpower, materials and production in repairing the destruction the Germans have wrought.
Berne, Switzerland –
In those circles of northern Italy loyal to the government of Pietro Badoglio, hopeful eyes are turned today toward the reported Middle Eastern conference of Allied leaders.
These circles are hoping that the meetings will serve to alter radically the Italian situation and lead to Balkan operations which would relieve Italy of the horrors of war.
With a touch of wishful thinking, these Italians are convinced that Russia will now “authorize” Balkan operations, providing the Russian Army takes an active part in them. Such troops would pass through the Dardanelles – with the sanction of Turkey.