Allied warning may hit Italian will to resist
Fascists tighten control to prevent popular uprising
Washington (UP) –
The Allied demand that the people of Italy surrender was being counted on in official quarters today to soften resistance to the present invasion even though it falls short of touching off an Italian revolution against Fascism.
Persons in a position to judge the probable reaction in Italy said they believed Fascist control had been tightened drastically in recent weeks to prevent a popular uprising against Mussolini.
They viewed the Roosevelt-Churchill appeal to the Italian people as more likely to undermine Italian will to fight and to encourage an attitude of non-resistance toward the invading Allies.
To spur underground
Also, the Italian underground movement, while not as powerful as that in France, may be expected now to increase its efforts toward sabotage and a general slowing down of the Italian war effort.
Much of the effect of the message calling upon the Italian people to choose their own destiny – “whether Italians shall die for Mussolini and Hitler – or live for Italy and for civilization” – will depend upon how widely the appeal is distributed in Italy.
Mussolini’s underlings have been trained to be alert for Allied messages from the skies and it is to be expected that general orders have been issued for the confiscation of all copies of the message dropped by Allied planes on Italian soil.
It is believed that the Fascists will be less successful, however, in shifting off the radio messages. A radio station in Tripoli, originally set up by the Italians in their empire-building days, can broadcast on the same medium wavelength used in Italy itself.
Officials believe stiff fighting is ahead for Allied troops in Sicily and also after the defenses of Italy itself have been breached. However, once the Italian Army sees that resistance is useless, it is expected to take a realistic viewpoint and surrender.
The message drafted in Washington and Lincoln is regarded as admirably suited to appeal to the Italian mind. References to Italy’s ancient traditions of freedom and culture, and the poor economy Italy is now keeping, are expected to fit in neatly with what the Italian people must now be thinking about the sorry situation into which Mussolini has led them.
Hate Nazi overlords
The offer of an honorable capitulation and restoration of national dignity, all but eclipsed under the arrogant treatment from the Germans in their midst, will undoubtedly drop on fertile soil. There will be considerable support for following the recommended course of surrender if for no other reason than the hatred and contempt Italians feel for their Nazi overlords.
There was considerable interest here in reports that Lt. Col. Charles Poletti, former Governor of New York, was in Sicily and might become Allied administrator of conquered Italy. Col. Poletti’s Italian ancestry, his administrative background and his training in the War Department since he entered the service last winter, would appear to fit him for the job.
Italian rejection reported by Nazis
By the United Press
Italy has flatly rejected the Roosevelt-Churchill ultimatum for surrender, Berlin radio said today, quoting Rome newspapers and the Italian news agency Stefani.
Berlin said:
Stefani emphatically declares that the Italians are not interested on messages coming from the enemy. The suffering which has been inflicted on the Sicilian people has caused the whole Italian nation to rally still more closely around the Duce and stiffen the resolution to defend itself against the invader at any cost.
The newspapers Messaggero and Popolo di Roma were quoted as warning that capitulation would bring no peace but that Italy, id she surrendered, would be used as an operations base for Allied attacks on the rest of Europe.
Berlin said:
At the same time, they point out a perceptible stiffening of material and moral resistance by the Italian people.