I have found this video of Jews in mandatory Palestine building trenches and fortifications from July 1940. In that specific time period, what were they preparing for?

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This is the video in question: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TlHET090Ryg
The archive dates this specific video to the 22nd of July 1940, and in the archive it is tagged under “civilian defense” (in Hebrew).

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Definitely attacks from the Germans or Italians. I believe it depicts Haganah, a group that would later become Irgun.

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I know that this is quite dated, but the Haganah didn’t become the Irgun- a small group from the Haganah split off to become the Irgun, and they existed at the same time for quite some time.

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