Guilt ours, Reich told
Westphalian governor urges people admit responsibility
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Chennault: Train Chinese, they can free China
By Steffan Andrews, North American Newspaper Alliance
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Petain may base defense hope on American foreign policy
Asks Leahy to stand by him; may want Hull to testify
By Carl D. Sorest, Associated Press staff writer
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Eliot: Jap planes ‘hiding out’
Spread out over nation, await ‘big show’ when invasion comes
By Maj. George Fielding Eliot
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Saipan’s Jap civilians are put to work to keep selves
By Bonnie Wiley, Associated Press staff writer
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Clothes? Plenty by fall; milady’s styles are American with pinup girl influence
By Dorothy Roe, Associated Press fashion editor
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France needs help to rise
But industrial and financial revolution will be required
By Dorothy Pickles in BBC broadcast
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Stowe: The liquidation of feudalism
Soviet Russia liberating 15 million peasants in Poland, Hungary, East Prussia and Rumania, and improving lot of as many more
By Leland Stowe
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Rev. Kinder: Take vacation from religion?
We need spiritual exercise more than the other kinds
By the Rev. William R. Kinder
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U.S. State Department (July 15, 1945)
Log of the President’s Trip to the Berlin Conference
Sunday, July 15:
. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
1004: The Augusta moored (port side to) to the municipal dock (Compagnia Maritime dock) at Antwerp. (Total distance traveled, Newport News to Antwerp – 3837 miles.) The Philadelphia tied up astern of the Augusta.
Waiting on the dock to welcome the President were a delegation of Belgian officials, General of the Army Dwight D. Eisenhower, AUS (the Allied Supreme Commander), Admiral Harold R. Stark, USN (Commander, U.S. Naval Forces Europe), Lieutenant General John C. H. Lee, AUS (Commanding General, Communications Zone, European Theatre), Major General G. Surtees (Commanding General, British Base and Lines of Communication), Brigadier General E. F. Koenig, AUS (Commanding General, Chanor Section), Ambassador Charles Sawyer and Mrs. Sawyer, Major DeWitt Greer, Supervising Agent Anheier, Agents Rowley, Waters, Holmes, Campion, Torina, Boring, Kauffman, and Behn. …
1110: The President, accompanied by his party, left the ship…
1115: The President and party embarked in waiting motor cars and departed for Brussels. There were approximately forty automobiles in the long motor car caravan. Riding with the President were Secretary Byrnes and Ambassador Sawyer.
1230: The President and party arrived at the Brussels-Evere airport (B-58), several miles northwest [northeast?] of the city of Brussels. (Approximate distance traveled, Antwerp to airfield – 35 miles.) General Eisenhower, Admiral Stark and General Lee accompanied the President to the airfield.
Awaiting us at the field were Supervising Agent McGrath and Agents Barry, Gorham and Walker.
The President was accorded honors here by a band and 400 picked men of the 137th Infantry Regiment. He then reviewed the honor guard. Each man in the guard was a “five-star” combat man. The President spoke with some of them before boarding his plane.
Plane No. 2 (a C-54 – Major Jesse Hayes pilot) was the first to take to the air and departed Brussels at 1245. Passengers were: Secretary Byrnes, Mr. Cohen, Mr. Matthews, Mr. Bohlen, Brigadier General E. S. Hoag, AUS (ATC representative), Lt-Colonel A. M. McIntire, AUS (ATC liaison), Commander Tyree, Lieut. Elsey, Lieut. Edelstein, Lieut. Rigdon, Captain Graham, and Secret Service Agents Anheier, Hipsley, Torina, Waters, Holmes, McGrath and Boring.
At 1300 the President’s plane (C-54, the “Sacred Cow”, piloted by Lt-Colonel Henry T. Myers) departed for Berlin. Passengers were: The President, Admiral Leahy, Mr. Ross, General Vaughan, Captain McMahon, Captain Vardaman, Mr. Canfil, and Secret Service Agents Maloney, Drescher, O’Driscoll and Rowley.
At 1315 plane No, 3 (C-54) departed Brussels for Berlin. Embarked were: Ensign Fleener, Ship’s Clerk Hoying, Chief Pharmacist’s Mate Preston C. Taylor, USN (of the Augusta, who accompanied us to the Conference as Captain McMahon’s assistant), Chief Photographer’s Mate Belknap, Chief Stewards Prettyman, Abiba, Bautista, Calinao, Custodio and Estrada, and Chief Cooks Floresca, Olivares, Ordona, Orig, Palomaria and Licodo, Sergeant Philler, Secret Service Agents Behn, Kellerman, Gorham, Barry, Haman and Weir, and Lieutenant C. D. Sherman (ATC liaison).
Our baggage was transported in two C-47s. A third C-47 was dispatched to Tempelhof Airport, Berlin with the seven White House newspaper correspondents and photographers accompanying the Presidential party. They proceeded on to Berlin despite the knowledge that, by agreement between the Big Three, they were not to be permitted to enter conference area.
The route followed by our flight was from Brussels to Liege, thence to Frankfurt, to Kassel, to Magdeburg and to Berlin (Gatow airport). We picked up a fighter escort (P-47s) at Frankfurt that accompanied us on to Berlin. Twelve fighters covered the President’s plane and four each, planes No. 2 and No. 3. From Frankfurt to Berlin we were over Kussian-controlled territory and were required to stay within a ten-mile air corridor.
Plane No. 2 arrived at Gatow at 1558. (Distance traveled, Antwerp to Berlin, 460 miles.) Plane No. 1 arrived at 1613. Plane No. 3 arrived at 1628.
The President disembarked at once and was greeted here by a large delegation including Secretary Stimson, Assistant Secretary McCloy, Assistant Secretaries Clayton and Dunn, Ambassadors Harriman, Pauley and Murphy, Fleet Admiral King, Minister Lubin, Lieutenant General Clay, Major General Floyd Parks (Commanding General, Headquarters Berlin District), Soviet Ambassador Gromyko and Soviet Ambassador Gusev.
Honors were accorded the President here by a detachment from the Second Armored Division (“Hell on Wheels”). The President then inspected the honor guard.
At 1630 the President and party departed Gatow for his quarters in Babelsberg, approximately 10 miles distant. Secretary Byrnes, Ambassador Pauley, General Vaughan and Captain Vardaman rode in the car with the President.
We passed through a section of Potsdam en route from Gatow to Babelsberg. Part of the route was guarded by American and British troops, but the greater part of the route was patrolled by green-capped Soviet frontier guardsmen as this was a Soviet-controlled area. The American and British delegations to the conference were housed in Babelsberg in little territorial “islands” within the Soviet-occupied zone [sector] of Greater Berlin.
1700: The President and party arrived at his assigned quarters in Babelsberg. Babelsberg is a suburb of Berlin, about 12 miles southwest of the city, between Berlin and Potsdam. It lies along winding Griebnitz Lake and is in a thickly wooded area. It has a pleasant climate at this time of the year, with an average mean temperature in the low 60’s. The town was quite popular with the Germans as a summer resort and was also the seat of Germany’s movie colony.
The President’s quarters at No. 2 Kaiser Strasse (called the “Little White House”) was a three-story stucco residence which was formerly occupied by the head of the German movie colony, who is now with a labor battalion somewhere in Russia. It is right on Lake Griebnitz and is surrounded on three sides by groves of trees and shrubbery forming a very beautiful garden that reaches down to the lake. The house was stripped of its furnishings during the war but had been refurnished by the Russians. It was nicely furnished during our stay but, like most European homes, the bathroom and bathing facilities were wholly inadequate. Nor was it screened, so that the mosquitoes gave us a “working over” during our first few nights there until the weather had cooled somewhat.
The President occupied a suite on the second floor (north side), consisting of bedroom, sitting room, office and breakfast room. He also had a private sunporch outside his office. Secretary Byrnes occupied a suite (bedroom, sitting room and office) on the first floor. Also in residence here were Admiral Leahy, Mr. Ross, General Vaughan, Captain McMahon, Captain Vardaman, Mr. Bohlen, Mr. Matthews, Lieutenant Rigdon, Ensign Fleener, Ship’s Clerk Hoying and Chief Warrant Officers Caldwell and Stoner.
The President maintained his own mess at Babelsberg, employing Filipino cooks and stewards brought from the Potomac. Messing with the President were Secretary Byrnes, Admiral Leahy, Mr. Ross, General Vaughan, Captain McMahon and Captain Vardaman. Food supplies and bottled water were brought from Washington and from the Augusta. Additional supplies were obtained through the Army Mess Officer at Babelsberg. Other members of the party messed in various Army officer messes in the area.
The Joint Chiefs of Staff and State Department parties also lived in Babelsberg in close proximity to the Little White House.
A map room and communications center was installed in the President’s house with direct wire service to Frankfurt and Washington. The center was staffed by Colonel Bowen, Commander Tyree, Major Greer, Lieutenant Elsey, Captain Graham, Ship’s Clerk Hoying, Warrant Officers Caldwell and Stoner and Sergeant Philler. The White House party had its own telephone exchange (“Amco”). The switchboard was set up in the basement of the President’s house and was operated by WACs, Cpl. Alma Bradley, Cpl. Mary Whiteus, Cpl. Charlotte Szostek, and Cpl. Eleanor Moynihan, of the WAC Detachment, Headquarters Command, USFET (Main).
The Prime Minister lived at 23 Ringstrasse in Babelsberg – about two blocks from the Little White House. His was a similarly large house but perhaps a bit better furnished than the President’s. Generalissimo Stalin also resided in Babelsberg, about one mile from the Little White House, on the route from the White House to Cecilienhof where the conference meetings were held. This arrangement required that the President and the Prime Minister make a three-mile drive for each session of the conference, while the Generalissimo had a much shorter distance to travel.
The Filipino messmen went into action immediately on arrival at the Little White House and at 1800 dinner was served the President and his party. Mr. Cohen, Mr. Matthews and Mr. Bohlen dined at the Little White House as guests of the President. Mr. Maloney, Mr. Drescher and Mr. Rowley were subsisted from the President’s mess during our stay at Babelsberg. They ate in a separate dining room, however.
After dinner, Ambassadors Harriman and Pauley called on the President.
Having had a full day, the President and most members of the party retired early this evening. It was still light at midnight, as this country has but about four hours of darkness each night at this time of the year. This was not conducive to much rest as one seemed to forget to go to bed until it was dark.
The Syonan Shimbun (July 16, 1945)
Ternate invaders completely encircled, being mopped up
Enemy troops trying desperately to escape
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Truman, Churchill in Potsdam
LISBON (Domei, July 15) – American President Harry Truman and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill have arrived at Potsdam for their conference, according to a Berlin dispatch. There are no indications, however, that Soviet Premier Josef Stalin, who has left Moscow, has yet arrived in Berlin.
The conference is expected to get formally underway tomorrow.
The American President, accompanied by James Byrnes, American Secretary of State, Admiral William Leahy, presidential adviser, and other staff members, earlier today arrived at Antwerp aboard the American cruiser Augusta. The party motored to Brussels, where a special plane was waiting to take them to Potsdam.
Churchill left Chateau de Bordaberry, near Hendaye, where he has been vacationing, for Bordeaux by car today to board a special plane which took him to Potsdam.