TŌJŌ CABINET OUT, ‘MODERATES’ IN
We can’t win, warmonger’s bloc admits
First step in move for peace hinted
By the United Press
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TŌJŌ CABINET OUT, ‘MODERATES’ IN
British storm two more cities in Normandy
Tanks smash forward down Paris road
Battling into two towns, British armored forces had thrust eight miles beyond Caen today. Street battles were being fought in Vimont and Troarn and the British were reported massing forces for a drive toward Falaise. On the American sector of the front (inset map), the Yanks were mopping up in the Saint-Lô area.
SHAEF, London, England (UP) –
The British 2nd Army, hammering out a steadily expanding Normandy breakthrough arc, drove through nine more towns today, stormed into the streets of Troarn and Bourguébus, and sent a spearhead down the Paris road to Vimont, eight miles southeast of Caen.
Many scores of Allied Sherman tanks were smashing through the network of German fortifications on the Caen plain in wild battles of armor against the Nazis who had now massed at least five and a half divisions in a frantic effort to stem the march inland.
Allies smash on
United Press writer Richard D. McMillan reported that British and Canadian assault forces stormed six more villages in the area of the breakthrough. Whether they supplemented or duplicated the nine announced at Supreme Headquarters was not certain.
The German Transocean News Agency said U.S. and Canadian Army forces under Lt. Gen. George S. Patton had gone into action on the Normandy front. Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower’s headquarters had no comment.
Inside the battle arc, lying an average of four miles from Caen – with advanced positions at Troarn, seven miles to the east, and Vimont, eight miles to the southeast – the British and Canadian troops captured Ifs, Cormelles, Bras, Hubert-Folie, Soliers, Four, Le Poirier, Cagny and Grentheville.
Stiff fight at Troarn
Allied infantry and tanks consolidated their grip on the nine villages while Gen. Sir Bernard L. Montgomery’s armor wove through the no-man’s-land blasting out German strongpoints and turning back enemy thrusts.
The easternmost point of the Allied advance was within 1,000 yards of the river Muance, which flows east of Troarn and forms the first appreciable water obstacle east of the Orne.
The Germans were putting up a stiff fight at Troarn, but the British were bartering in from the west.
On American front
Meager reports from the American front said the 1st Army had completed the mop-up of the Vire River bend northwest of Saint-Lô and established outposts a few hundred yards southwest and southeast of the captured fortress city.
Between Saint-Lô and Caen, the Germans had been forced back below the Caumont–Tilly-sur-Seulles road to a general line about 2,000 yards – more than a mile – beyond it.
Mr. McMillan reported from the Caen front:
Stubborn fighting went on all day, and saw our troops pushing forward into some villages while German long-range batteries lobbed shells over to try to stem the impetus of our infiltrations over the bridges into the slowly widening sector of our advance.
Loop closed on Nazis
British troops bolstering the right wing beat the Germans back steadily in the Noyers sector southwest of Caen, overrunning strategic positions including valuable high ground and capturing the village of Landelles, a mile west of Noyers which was still in German hands.
On the American front, Lt. Gen. Omar N. Bradley’s 1st Army advanced west of Saint-Lô and swung southeast from points northwest of the captured town, closing a loop in which a few German rearguards remained.
Above Saint-Lô, just west of Remilly-sur-Lozon, the doughboys pushed along a tiny stream and captured three villages.
“The battle south and east of Caen continues,” Gen. Dwight D. Eisenhower’s communiqué said.
Rubble-strewn villages
The maximum advance down the trunk highway to Paris carried to Vimont, eight miles below Caen and five miles south of Troarn. Behind the British lay the rubble-strewn ruins of a dozen villages and strongpoints almost blasted out of existence by the impact
The battlefield within the breakthrough area “looks like nothing any soldier ever saw,” Mr. McMillan reported. He quoted a tank crewman as saying:
It seems to us more like a battlefield amidst the craters of the moon. It is really eerie, with its bomb craters, empty villages and pockets of German dead.
Chain of cemeteries
An earlier dispatch from Mr. McMillan said there was still fighting around the villages of Cumerille, Bigerville, Saunderville, Banneville, Campagne and Cagny, because “these places themselves are mortuaries. These villages are like a chain of cemeteries. Happily, it is mainly German dead.”
Once the British capture Troarn and secure the left flank, Gen. Montgomery will be in position to wheel inland to excellent tank country stretching south and southeast as far as Falaise, 20 miles southeast of Caen.
The Normandy weather yesterday and today was described officially as “miserable,” denying the ground forces any big-scale air support. It was better in other parts of France, and Allied planes shot up 27 locomotives and about 200 freight cars in operations extending from Bordeaux to Paris.
Yanks drive on –
Nazis fall back before Pisa
By James E. Roper, United Press staff writer
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Casualties in Italy now total 73,166
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Thursday, July 20 Call to order at 11:30 a.m. CWT by Temporary Chairman Governor Kerr of Oklahoma Invocation by Rabbi Louis Binstock of Chicago National anthem by Lucy Monroe Report of committee on permanent organization Resolution to confirm committees selected by the several states Address by Permanent Chairman Senator Jackson (D-IN) Report of committee on platform and resolutions and its adoption Reports of other committees and their adoption Recess until 8:15 p.m. Call to order at 8:15 p.m. by Permanent Chairman Jackson Invocation by the Rev. Joshua Oder of Chicago National anthem by Danny O’Neill, USS Lexington Address by Mrs. Helen Gahagan Douglas, vice chairman, California State Committee Address by war correspondent Quentin Reynolds Roll call for presidential nominations Appointment of committee to notify successful candidate
Wallace and Truman camps spar to land knockout punch
Bitter behind-the-scenes battles split convention; Senator’s supporters waver
By Lyle C. Wilson, United Press staff writer
Bulletin
Chicago, Illinois (UP) –
Mayor Edward J. Kelly of Chicago said today he had “changed my mind” about Senator Harry S. Truman for the Democratic vice-presidential nomination because the Missourian “doesn’t want the job.” Senator Truman later today told the United Press, “I am not a candidate, but will accept the nomination if the delegates want me.”
Chicago, Illinois –
The Democratic National Convention nominates President Franklin D. Roosevelt for a fourth term today with both Wallace and Truman forces claiming Mr. Roosevelt’s blessing in the bitterly-contested vice-presidential nomination.
As the convention entered its third session, with presidential and vice-presidential balloting scheduled for late today and tonight, Edwin Pauley of California publicly claimed President Roosevelt’s support for Senator Harry S. Truman (D-MO).
Mr. Pauley, National Democratic Committee Treasurer and newly-elected California National Committeeman, told his state delegation that Mr. Roosevelt is convinced Senator Truman will cost him fewer votes than any other candidate for Vice President.
“And I could not make such a statement,” he added, “if I didn’t have the approval of the President!”
Wallace forces confident
Wallace forces, contending they had more than 400 first ballot votes, presented an equally confident claim of Roosevelt support. Georgia Governor Ellis Arnall, a Wallace leader, said his side would go on assuming that Mr. Roosevelt still favored Mr. Wallace’s renomination until the President told the convention “in writing” that he had changed his mind.
The Wallace people said the balloting couldn’t come too soon to suit them.
National Chairman Robert E. Hannegan, who has been plugging Senator Truman, still refused to comment on the so-called “Truman letter” in which the President was reported to have stated that he would be happy to have the Missourian for his 1944 running mate.
Hannegan is challenged
Wallace supporters had challenged Mr. Hannegan to produce such a letter. Governor Arnall, expressing skepticism, said he did not believe Mr. Roosevelt would “permit himself to be ‘used’ by those who would misquote him.”
The Credentials Committee of the convention, by a vote of 18–6, today recommended the seating of both delegations from Texas. The Texas “Regular,” or anti-New Deal, delegation threatened to walk out of the convention when this word was received.
Meanwhile, members of the Illinois delegation disclosed after a lengthy caucus that they had decided to cast their 58 votes for Senator Scott W. Lucas (D-IL) for Vice President until Senator Lucas releases them.
A spokesman for the Alabama delegation said it would vote for Senator John H. Bankhead on the first ballot and then decide what to do on the next.
May postpone vote
Mr. Hannegan, in the meantime, said that while there was “always the possibility” that vice-presidential balloting would start as soon as President Roosevelt is renominated, such a schedule had not been officially decided.
This meant the vice-presidential vote might be put off until tomorrow.
The delegates in their third session installed Senator Samuel D. Jackson (D-IN) as permanent chairman and heard him declare that a change of administration in these critical times would be “frightening to contemplate” and “dangerous to make.”
Hits at Dewey
Hitting at 42-year-old Thomas E. Dewey, the Republican candidate for President, Mr. Jackson asserted:
What the Presidency demands now is not so much a bright young man as a man of wisdom and breadth of vision.
Mr. Roosevelt will accept the nomination in a radio address tonight. His voice may calm the storm which threatens to weaken the New Deal-Democratic coalition of 1936 and 1940 in this campaign year.
Some of the President’s closest political associates here have fallen out and are beginning to call each other names. Southern leaders met in rebellious conferences last night and broke up, apparently frustrated both as to their objectives and methods of achieving them. Principally they wanted to scuttle Vice President Henry A. Wallace and put up a Southerner for his $15,000-a-year job.
Mr. Wallace is still likely to be scuttled in his contest with Senator Harry S. Truman (D-MO), who has some kind of White House acceptance and the support of some of the big party bosses here, but putting a Southerner on the ticket this year does not seem likely at the moment.
Senator Alben W. Barkley (D-KY), who feels along with some others here that he has been maneuvered out of his chance at the vice-presidential nomination, jarred convention managers with a surprise request that they hold up release of his speech placing Mr. Roosevelt in fourth term renomination. That was a bald threat to run out on the assignment to propose the President’s name, but it lasted only a few hours.
Toward 2:00 a.m. today, one of Mr. Barkley’s aides said the Senator had sent a note to National Committee publicity headquarters authorizing release of the speech on schedule today.
Meanwhile, it was learned that Mr. Wallace will deliver a speech seconding Mr. Roosevelt’s nomination for the Presidency.
‘Big Four’ runs show
The presidential nomination was scheduled for midafternoon, following the address of Permanent Chairman Samuel Jackson, disposition of credentials and rules disputes, and adoption of the platform.
Mr. Barkley was evidently resentful of the smooth operations here of the Big Four – National Committee Chairman Robert E. Hannegan, who was handpicked last winter to handle Mr. Roosevelt’s reelection campaign; Chicago Mayor Edward J. Kelly, who bosses the Democratic Party in Illinois; Jersey City Mayor Frank Hague, who rules the organization in New Jersey; and Edward J. Flynn, leader of the Democratic Party in the Bronx and the manager of the President’s successful third-term campaign.
The center ring battle is over the vice-presidential nomination for which Mr. Roosevelt personally endorsed Mr. Wallace but for which Mr. Hannegan now says the President would be happy to have Mr. Truman.
Guffey gets angry
The fact that Mr. Truman and Mr. Hannegan are fellow Missourians and that Mr. Hannegan owes some of his rise to political heights to Mr. Truman makes the Wallace men more than a little suspicious that something is wrong. But there is supporting evidence that Mr. Hannegan does have a go-ahead for Mr. Truman and directly from the President.
Persuasive reports persisted that he had received a letter to that effect. Mr. Hannegan denied it. Others said that it was received and that it suggested either Mr. Truman or Associate Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas if Mr. Wallace were not acceptable to the convention.
Senator Joseph F. Guffey (D-PA) shouted what other Wallace supporters had been whispering when he said:
I doubt very much if Mr. Hannegan quoted all of the letter the President is supposed to have written. It is time that Mr. Hannegan remembers that he was elected chairman of the National Committee to serve all the members of our party, to give some of his time to the party and not all of it entirely to the candidate [Truman] of Hannegan, Kelly, Hague and Flynn.
CIO spokesmen echoed Mr. Guffey’s charge that these four men who are bulwarks of the New Deal-Democratic coalition are unfairly bossing the convention.
Race issue dispute holds up platform
Southerners term outline ‘too strong’
Bulletin
Chicago, Illinois –
The Democratic Platform Committee completed its declaration of party policy today after defeating a Southern effort to exclude state voting regulations from federal control.
Chicago, Illinois (UP) –
Approval of the Democratic Party platform was held up temporarily today as members of the Platform and Resolutions Committee debated the controversial plank on racial equality.
The racial plank approved by the Drafting Committee was reported to be too strong for Southern state members of the full platform committee who wanted a declaration similar to that in the 1940 platform which simply assured equal rights under the law to all minority groups.
The drafters’ proposal was said to read:
We believe that racial and religious minorities have the rights that are guaranteed by our Constitution. Congress should exert its full constitutional power to protest these rights.
The foreign policy plank was also under discussion by the full committee, still in session only a few hours before the platform was scheduled to be offered to the convention.
New emphasis was placed on the racial issue which has divided the party by announcement that the Tennessee delegation had rescinded its decision to cast its 26 votes for President Roosevelt pending the time when it learns the content of the platform’s racial plank.
Tennessee Governor Prentice Cooper, a member of the platform committee, warned that if certain proposals should be written into the platform over Southern opposition, there would be a strong protest on the floor from Southern delegations.
A group of rebellious Southerners had previously met to adopt a resolution opposing any pledges to support anti-poll tax or anti-lynching legislation and declaring opposition to any proposal calling for “social equality” between races.
Foreign plank prepared
Senator Kenneth D. McKellar, chairman of the Tennessee delegation, said it wanted to be “free,” but that “if the platform is reasonable and has nothing out of the ordinary in it, there won’t be any trouble.”
Senator Tom Connally (D-TX), chairman of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, met with the drafting subcommittee last night to discuss his proposed draft of a foreign plank providing for American participation in an international organization to maintain peace.
There appeared little likelihood of a contest over the foreign policy plank, although some of the committee members had expressed themselves in favor of an international police force.
CIO pressures delegates with Back-Wallace wires
Bundles of telegrams sent by local unions urge renomination of Vice President
By Robert Taylor, Pittsburgh Press staff writer
Chicago, Illinois –
Pennsylvania’s CIO unions, backing their leaders in a last-minute drive for Vice President Henry A. Wallace for renomination, have showered the state delegation to the Democratic National Convention with telegrams.
“Don’t let Wallace down,” was the gist of most of the messages.
The wires arrived yesterday for each of the 72 delegates, in batches of half a dozen at a time, while CIO leaders at the convention were rallying their forces in support of the Wallace candidacy.
One delegate counted 62 messages. They poured in, even to U.S. Senator Joseph F. Guffey, who was acting as unofficial manager of the Wallace campaign and who spent most of the day in conference with the Vice President.
Most of the messages to Pittsburgh delegates came from United Steelworkers locals, while others came from units of the United Railroad Workers, United Electrical Radio and Machine Workers, Allied Stone and Clay Products Workers and others.
The telegram blitz featured a day in which CIO leaders poured on steam in the push to whoop up the Wallace campaign.
Some 125 delegates, most of them delegates or alternates, but some of them regional directors of the CIO-sponsored Political Action Committee, attended a special caucus of CIO delegates devoted chiefly to Mr. Wallace.
Cheering delegates behind closed doors – reporters were barred – were urged to go back and contact their state delegates on behalf of the Vice President’s campaign.
The meeting was hardly over before it was reported that President Roosevelt, in communication with National Chairman Robert Hannegan, had given his approval to the candidacy of Senator Harry S. Truman (D-MO), on whom the opposition to Mr. Wallace has settled.
Definitely want Wallace
CIO leaders were reported not averse to Mr. Truman, in the event of his nomination, but they held out stoutly for Mr. Wallace as the only candidate they were willing to discuss for second place on the ticket.
“We want Wallace,” Sidney Hillman, chairman of the Political Action Committee, said as he entered the CIO caucus. “That’s the only statement there is to make.”
Mr. Hillman, CIO President and delegate-at-large from Pennsylvania Philip Murray, and president of the United Auto Workers R. J. Thomas addressed the CIO delegates, who comprised less than five percent of the total delegates and alternates.
Among CIO delegates
Pennsylvania had one of the largest state delegates in the CIO group, with 11 of the 144 delegates and alternates listed as CIO members, relatives of members or officers or employees of CIO organizations.
In addition to Mr. Murray, they included Joseph A. Donoghu of Pittsburgh (alternate delegate-at-large, chairman of Pennsylvania Political Action Committee), John T. Akinson of Aliquippa (alternate), and State Senator John H. Dent of Jeannette (former Rubber Workers official).
Others were Angelo Pasquarella of Philadelphia (Amalgamated Clothing Workers, alternate), Joseph Kane (employee in Philadelphia of the Political Action Committee, delegate), Ernest Palmer Jr, of Delaware County (delegate), John J. Malick of Delaware Country (alternate), Irene A Stackhouse of Bucks County (alternate and wife of a CIO member), James W. Batz of Berks County (member of the Hosiery Workers Union, alternate).
Much too trivial, Hull laments
Washington (UP) –
Secretary of State Cordell Hull said today he would have been glad to offer ample comment on the explosion that endangered Adolf Hitler’s life if the Nazi Führer’s injuries had been serious enough.
As it was, Mr. Hull told his press conference, the report does not offer any substantial basis for comment.
Guffey-Lawrence factions sidestep VP showdown
Delegates at breakfast meeting hear state chairman try to minimize party split
By Kermit McFarland
Chicago, Illinois –
The rival Lawrence and Guffey factions in the Pennsylvania delegation to the Democratic convention, battling each other in a new outbreak of a six-year feud, today sought to postpone until the last possible moment feud, today sought to postpone until the last possible moment a showdown of their respective strength in the delegation.
At a breakfast tendered the delegates – ironically – by Democratic State Chairman David L. Lawrence and U.S. Senator Joseph F. Guffey, jointly, both sides succeeded in avoiding a second caucus on vice-presidential preferences – the cause of the latest split between these two who are Damon and Pythias turned Hatfield and McCoy.
Senator Guffey, in fact, didn’t even attend his own affair. He was 20 stories up in the same hotel, conferring with CIO and Wallace leaders.
Differences minimized
Mr. Lawrence, who informed the 200 delegates and friends, all from Pennsylvania, that despite his absence Senator Guffey would “split the check,” went out of his way to describe the affair as a “social gathering.”
The state chairman also made an attempt to minimize, publicly, the differences between himself and Mr. Guffey over the vice-presidential nominee.
He said:
Not even the vice-presidential nomination or anything else is going to split the Democratic Party in Pennsylvania. The Senator and myself have gone up and down the state since November trying to out the Democratic Party back where it was before 1938.
Charges continue
But the charges and countercharges which have been developing in the split Pennsylvania delegation since the battle for the vice-presidential nomination began to shape up between Senator Harry S. Truman (D-MO), supported by Mr. Lawrence, and Vice President Henry A. Wallace, backed by Senator Guffey, continued on their way.
Senator Guffey’s blast at the Truman forces, which he implied were being “bossed by the well-known machine leaders, Kelly, Hague and Flynn,” aroused resentment among the Allegheny County leaders and others favorable to Senator Truman.
Caucus is opposed
When the breakfast invitations were first extended, Mr. Lawrence indicated it would e converted into a caucus. But today, both he and Senator Guffey said they thought a caucus unnecessary.
If the convention follows its tentative schedule and hears nominating speeches for Vice President tonight, a caucus before the first roll call is inevitable.
Mr. Guffey claims “55 to 60” of the 72 Pennsylvania votes. Mr. Lawrence isn’t claiming.
Wallace’s best 35 votes
The best estimates indicated Mr. Wallace’s best poll probably would be 35 votes, with 26 likely to go for Mr. Truman and eight or nine in doubt.
Among the doubtful delegates could be listed Pittsburgh’s Mayor Scully and Edward D. Johnson, chief clerk of the Public Safety Department. Both voted for Mr. Wallace at the Tuesday caucus, but they are politically beholden to Mr. Lawrence. Mr. Johnson was elected as an alternate, but has taken the place of Delegate Robert C. Malcolm of Curtisville, who is not here.
Attorney General Francis Biddle, who, as a delegate-at-large has only a half vote, also plumped for Mr. Wallace Tuesday, but if President Roosevelt, as indicated, goes for Mr. Truman, he probably will switch.
Others may switch
The tipoff on this is the attitude of Postmaster General Frank C. Walker of Scranton, who voted against Mr. Wallace at the Tuesday caucus. He told other delegates he did not wish to “vote against the Chief” – Mr. Roosevelt.
Other delegates who may switch to Senator Truman includes Clerk of Courts John J. McClean and Mayor Frank Buchanan of McKeesport. But still sticking firmly to Mr. Wallace is Irwin D. Wolf of Fox Chapel.
Sure Truman backers include County Commissioner John J. Kane and Mr. Lawrence (both half-vote delegates), Register of Wills John M. Houston, City Treasurer James P. Kirk, Coroner William D. McClelland, Mrs. Marguerite Naughton and County Commissioner George Rankin.
New letter ‘the bunk’
Leaders of the Lawrence faction swore that Democratic National Chairman Robert E. Hannegan, Truman promoter, has a new letter from President Roosevelt saying the Missouri Senator is “acceptable” to him as a running mate.
Senator Guffey said that was “the bunk.” He declined to say whether he had been in touch with Mr. Roosevelt, but Lawrence forces claimed he tried unsuccessfully all day yesterday to reach the President by telephone.
Congressman Francis J. Myers, nominee for the U.S. Senate, was the only speaker at today’s breakfast, aside from Mr. Lawrence.
Lawrence, Guffey praised
As a candidate whose chances might be endangered by a split in the party organization, he praised Senator Guffey and Mr. Lawrence for “walking throughout the state arm in arm” building up the Democratic machine.
He said:
Unless the vote is heavy, we may not carry Pennsylvania, regardless of how beloved the President is by the people. But if we get out the vote, victory is sure.
Mr. Lawrence pleaded for “strong” finance, labor and women’s campaign committees in each county and said it was “amazing” how many members of organized labor are not registered to vote.
Nye is victor for renomination
Bismarck, North Dakota (UP) –
North Dakota Secretary of State Thomas Hall said today that Senator Gerald P. Nye was virtually assured of renomination in the June 27 primary election in North Dakota.
Unofficial figures from canvassing boards in 32 counties plus previous totals gave Mr. Nye a lead of 956 votes over Lynn U. Stambaugh, former national commander of the American Legion.
All figures will remain unofficial until the state canvassing board meets July 27. Latest tabulations gave Mr. Nye 38,169 votes, comparted to 37,213 for Mr. Stambaugh and 35,680 for Rep. Usher L. Burdick.
Incumbents win in three primaries
By the United Press
Late returns from Tuesday’s primary elections in three states decided all contests today, with all incumbents renominated in Arizona and Lief Erickson, 38-year-old State Supreme Court Justice, conceded the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in Montana. In Wyoming, Charles E. Norris of Laramie won the Democratic nomination for Congress.
Senator Carl Hayden, who has served in Congress ever since Arizona became a state, polled 29,327 votes to win the renomination by a 2-to-1 margin and Reps. John Murdock and Richard Harless received 29,414 and 26,910 votes respectively to win by a wide margin. Governor Sidney P. Osborn polled 34,797 votes to win renomination by a 3-to-1 margin over his nearest opponent. Jerrie Lee won the Republican gubernatorial nomination.
Both Austin Middleton and former governor Roy E. Ayers conceded the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in Montana to Mr. Erickson, who held a lead of more than 6,000 over Mr. Middleton. Republican Governor Sam C. Ford won renomination by a 6-to-1 margin.
Montana had no senatorial contest this year and both incumbent Democratic Congressmen were unopposed for renomination.
Caesar’s citadel now scene of hand-to-hand fighting
Yanks and Nazis use rifles, hand grenades in thickets filled with German dead
By Thomas R. Henry, North American Newspaper Alliance
With U.S. forces in Normandy, France – (July 16, by wireless, delayed)
The Belleau Wood of the present war is represented in the defense of the White Birch, scrub Chestnut and red-berried Mountain Ash tangle covering the 2,000-year-old Roman fortifications on the slopes of Mont Castre where the Yanks and Germans battled three days last week with rifle and hand grenades for vantage points controlling the marshes and rolling wooded country miles to the southward.
Texans and Oklahomans have now secured a high hilltop overlooking the Bay of Biscay westward of the English Channel, from which the Germans had been using field glasses. Atop the Roman walls they undoubtedly watched the landing of the invasion forces and every major move of the Allied troops.
Paratroopers with green capes
Some of the bitterest fighting of the war and also some of the heaviest losses occurred in this area. The thickets are being cleared today of the German dead, in some places piled in heaps, where they were mowed down by machine-gun crews. In a tangle of second-growth trees on land detimbered a few years ago, crawling at night silently through the brush the troops were invisible to one another.
Crack German paratroopers with green camouflage capes blended into the foliage. The prisoners said their orders were never to fire until the Americans were within ten yards, to conserve their ammunition. The fighting closely resembled Pacific jungle warfare. The hill ascent into the forest at times was very steep, through thick waist-high ferns and over sharp rocks. Germans with machine pistols were hidden in the treetops in clumps of mistletoe.
The successful assault on the north slope of Mont Castre was led by Lt. Col. Jacob W. Belke of Boonville, Missouri. At the highest ruins, cementless walls still strong after centuries. But beyond this place, he encountered mostly tunnels and trenches, built by the Germans themselves, honeycombing the mountaintops and overgrown with bushes.
“Grenades fell like hailstones,” says the company commander. At one point, a soldier was sent forward to ask a surrounded machine-gun nest to surrender. The Germans offered to negotiate. When the soldier appeared in the open, they killed him. This so enraged Sgt. Theodore Wagner of Mason, Texas, that he killed 11 Germans, captured three machine guns, using his own machine gun held against his shoulders like a rifle.
Yank lay four days alone
Yesterday, Sgt. George Parker of Tucson, Arizona, on a cleanup mission, found an American soldier with his right foot shot off who had lain four days in the brush without food. His only water was rain caught in his hand. It had rained most of the time. Shortly after the injury a tourniquet and sulfa powder had been applied by a medic who was driven off by enemy fire before he could complete the job, but promised to return later. That night the wounded man heard his comrades calling but he was too weak to reply. He felt better as the days passed, and Sgt, Parker found him cleaning his gun. He is now doing well at an evacuation hospital.
The hardest fighting was descending the southern slope where the Roman fortifications, built under the personal supervision of Julius Caesar, were more elaborate and had been greatly enlarged by the Germans. They were so perfectly concealed that tanks were driven over their tops without jarring them.
Battle over caves
Caesar had planned the mountain stronghold against attack from the south. The company emerging from the forest with its tanks, was cut off when the Germans knocked out the tanks. The remnants of the company were reorganized with parts of other decimated units under command of Lt. Hubert Miller of Syracuse, New York, who advanced over an open field after other units had captured points protecting the flanks.
English say Roosevelt will visit continent
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Nazi super-robots to hit U.S., Japs hint
By the United Press
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Keynoter’s speech starts demonstration
Magic word ‘Roosevelt’ sets mob to whooping
Chicago Stadium, Chicago, Illinois (UP) –
Democrats went whooping into the aisles for the first big demonstration of their convention last night when Oklahoma Governor Robert S. Kerr made a keynoted speech calling for the reelection of President Roosevelt and denouncing Republican administrations under which American “hardened under Harding, cooled under Coolidge, and hungered under Hoover.”
The speech was interrupted by a 12-minute demonstration during which state standards were paraded down the aisles to the platform where Governor Kerr put on a 10-gallon white hate while the band blared, “You’re Doin’ Fine, Oklahoma.”
Governor Kerr’s reply to the Republican Party’s “accent on youth” was the declaration that such “tired old men” as President Roosevelt, Adm. Ernest J. King, Gen. Douglas MacArthur and Gen. George C. Marshall “are winning this war.”
Repeating the refrain, “Shall we discard as a ‘tired old man,’” he alluded in staccato succession to 59-year-old Adm. Chester W. Nimitz, 62-year-old Adm. William F. Halsey Jr., 64-year-old Gen. MacArthur, 66-year-old Adm. King, and 64-year-old Gen. Marshall.
Then he added the paragraph which stopped his speech and produced the most deafening demonstration which this convention had seen thus far.
The keynoter said:
No, Mr. Dewey. We know we are winning this war with these “tired old men,” including the 62-year-old Roosevelt as their Commander-in-Chief.
The words “Commander-in-Chief” were almost drowned out by the burst of applause which greeted the word “Roosevelt.”
Governor Kerr himself was caught off guard. He had expected applause, but he hadn’t expected bedlam. He quickly sensed the situation, however, spread his arms like a cheerleader, and urged them on.
Democratic Convention hopefuls must be received by ‘Big Four’
Bosses hold court, decide what’s what
By Sandor S. Klein, United Press staff writer
Chicago, Illinois –
Those in the know here say the men to “see” in the Democratic Convention are the “Big Four” – National Chairman Robert E. Hannegan, Former National Chairman Ed Flynn of New York, Chicago Mayor Edward J. Kelly and Jersey City Mayor Frank Hague.
These big city bosses are working frantically behind the scenes to untangle the vice-presidential scramble. They are not actually dominating the convention – yet – but their influence is great. They may be the men who will decide who is to be the vice-presidential nominee if it appears that Henry A. Wallace has definitely lost his chance for the necessary majority.
Hopefuls see bosses
Some vice-presidential hopefuls – not all of them – have been received by the quarter. A number of them, favorite-son candidates, are being ignored.
One of the candidates most prominently mentioned in the vice-presidential sweepstakes was almost distraught his first day here when not one of the “Big Four” called on him. His managers felt convinced that this meant their candidate was “out.” But the next day, two of the bosses invited him over to their rooms and the candidates hopes were revived.
The “Big Four” was said to be in touch with the White House. For the present, they are not doing any “dictating.” They discuss with various candidates their chances and convey to them the latest “dope.”
Keep in touch
And, of course, they keep in constant touch with the leaders of the key state delegations.
Three of the “Big Four” have their quarters in the Blackstone Hotel, across the street from the Stevens Hotel, which is convention headquarters. Mr. Hannegan has a corner suite on the seventh floor. Right next door is Mr. Flynn’s room. Mr. Hague has a corner suite on the fifth floor. Mr. Kelly operates from his spacious six-room apartment overlooking Lake Michigan.
There are frequent conferences among the four in Mr. Hannegan’s suite, where the transoms over the doors are kept tightly locked.
Of the four, Mr. Flynn is believed to be closest to the President.
Another former National Committee Chairman in the same hotel is James A. Farley. He doesn’t get invited to the conferences. He isn’t close to Mr. Roosevelt anymore.
Stokes: Corcoran pulls strings to get Douglas named
Plots Truman-Wallace tie to achieve goal
By Thomas L. Stokes, Scripps-Howard staff writer
Chicago, Illinois –
Intrigue of the devious and deep-dyed variety, such as never has been practiced in a vice-presidential nomination, is going on here, in hotel room conferences and by long-distance telephone, over the nomination of a running mate for President Roosevelt this year.
A vice-presidential candidate is usually picked by the leaders, at the last minute, as sort of an afterthought. But it is different this year. The stakes are high. The vice-presidential nomination, the only contest this year, has become the center of a struggle for party control between the conservatives and New Dealers on the broad scale, and a prize over which various factions among New Dealers are tugging for supremacy.
The whole story in detail must await the memoirs and subsequent scrappy revelations by the principals. But more than enough leaks out to prove that New Dealers, when they take up politicking, can be just as tricky as those who make it a profession, and with refinements to which the professional would not resort.
Mr. Fixit for a price
This applies particularly to one who left the New Deal administration for the more lucrative practice of “influence,” a Mr. Fixit for a Price, but who still operates within it, sometimes just as if he still were in the government. this is Thomas G. Corcoran. He is up to his ears in this vice-presidential melee, manipulating by remote control from Washington, and the reports of his machinations are very fantastic, but most of them are probably true.
As the time for the nomination of a vice-presidential candidate approaches – it will follow the renomination of Mr. Roosevelt which occurs tonight – the two leading candidates were Vice President Wallace and Senator Harry S. Truman, chairman of the Senate Investigating Committee which bears his name. they have become the victims of the last-minute intriguing – there was plenty previously revolving about other figures.
Wallace amateur politician
Mr. Wallace is the rankest amateur as a politician, and without guile. Senator Truman honestly does not want the job. If you know him, you know this is true. Friends of each are pulling the wires and doing the tricks.
The infighting waxed hot last night when Senator Joe Guffey (D-PA), one of the vice President’s managers, got out a blistering statement denouncing National Chairman Hannegan for trying to influence the nomination of his fellow Missourian, Senator Truman. National party chairmen are supposed to be impartial, and the Pennsylvania Senator had a point there.
Guffey’s challenge
Mr. Guffey challenged the chairman to give out the complete text of a letter Mr. Hannegan was purported to have from the President listing the Missouri Senator as among those who would be acceptable to him.
Senator Guffey concluded with a reference to Senator Truman as “the candidate of Hannegan, Kelly, Hague and Flynn,” the last three the well-known Chicago, Jersey and New York bosses, in order to raise the issue of bossism against Senator Truman and to insinuate it, for those who know their political history, directly against the Senator from Missouri who started in politics as a young man with the once notorious Pendergast machine of Kansas City, though he has long outlived this.
Now Mr. Corcoran enters the plot, as reported here.
It’s an old feud
“Tommy the Cork,” as he is familiar known, has been working a long time to defeat Vice President Wallace for renomination. His hostility goes a long way back. It’s an old feud. His candidate, as it was in 1940, is 45-year-old Justice William O. Douglas of the Supreme Court, who has many attractions as a candidate, being a vigorous, scrappy fellow well identified with New Deal philosophy.
Now Mr. Corcoran has close affiliations with both Senator Joe Guffey and Senator Pepper (D-FL), also identified with the Wallace movement here, both state bosses of no mean pretensions. He also has considerable influence with Secretary of the Interior Ickes, who is here on the ground maneuvering around ostensibly against Vice President Wallace on behalf of Mr. Corcoran.
Wants a deadlock
The essence of the Corcoran “plot” as related is that he is pulling strings behind the scenes to incite the Wallace and Truman forces against each other, so that they will smear each other sufficiently to defeat each and cause a deadlock, out of which Justice Douglas would emerge as the winner.
Advanced as evidence is the Corcoran association with both Senators Guffey and Pepper, who has been busy in the intriguing, and with Mr. Ickes. The latter is known to have visited the Vice President in Washington not long ago ands asked him to withdraw. It was reported that last night he was trying to induce Vice President Wallace to take the floor and denounce boss Ed Kelly, Frank Hague, and Ed Flynn for trying to put over Senator Truman, which would, indeed, be a nice ruckus.
Sounds fantastic, to be true. It may be. But it fits in with the Corcoran technique.
Out of such intrigue, a vice-presidential candidate will emerge.
Story behind Saint-Lô victory –
McGlincy: ‘God bless you, keep you,’ says letter beside a body
Also on the battlefield there is strewn other little things a man treasures
By James McGlincy, United Press staff writer
With U.S. forces in Normandy, France –
A photographer had just finished shooting a picture of it and there it lay – a helmet with a clip of cartridges next to it, and sticking out from under it a letter which ended, “God bless you and keep you until you are home in my arms again.”
This is the road to Saint-Lô, the road down which our task force stormed into the town. The helmet, the cartridges and the letter lie behind the hedgerow where the Americans had dug in for a while. On the other side of the hedgerow were German foxholes. On this side were ours.
Now all around them lies the debris of battle – yet it is more than that because the articles strewn about are such small, warm personal possessions. There are tubes of shaving cream, packs of cigarettes, razorblades, postcards of French towns, foot powder, newspaper clippings – and those letters.
One of the clippings is from a newspaper in Connecticut, a copy of a letter a boy had written while he was still in England. It wasn’t literary or flowery, just sincere. It read:
I’m tired of war and being away from hm. But we want to get it over with. I’ll be glad when we lick the Germans and the Japs.
Nearby is a letter from his wife. I shouldn’t read other people’s mail but somehow it seems that these letters ought to be told – plain, everyday letters that people write to the ones they love.
It’s one way of telling what happens here – of how bodies are mangled and lives are tangled so that the objective can be attained – a town like Saint-Lô.
That boy’s wife wrote:
I’m glad you like it, being you have to be there. I know it’s some pretty country over there and it will be quite an experience. You can tell me lots when you come home.
‘God bless you’
There is a writing pad with only a couple of lines scribbled on it in pencil: “Dear Julia: Here I am once more to say hello and let you know that I’m in the very best of health.” That was written before the deluge of fire.
But most pathetic of all was that letter under the helmet, which said:
Goodnight, Sweetheart. God bless you and keep you until you are home in my arms again. I love you more than anything or anyone in this world. Always, Lillian.
This is the story behind the headline, “Yanks Take Saint-Lô.”