Must hate and kill, general tells Army
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‘Nothing going to stop us,’ invaders of Algeria told
Men in convoy fight off enemy planes, sit down to steak dinner, then hear final instructions
By William B. King, U.S. correspondent with AEF in North Africa
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Italy’s northern half called best place for invasion
Veteran woman reporter from Rome predicts only mild resistance to Allies and cites weakness of fortifications in Genoa area
By William Philip Simms, Scripps-Howard foreign editor
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‘Cinderella’ drops dancing slippers to wrap shoes
Father in war work, brother in Army, so girl comes home to help out
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Background of news –
Undeclared war with France
By Editorial Research Reports
The Vichy government, while resisting by force the American occupation of French North Africa and breaking diplomatic relations with the United States, has not declared war. The United States on its part has made every effort to avoid a declaration of war, proclaiming to Frenchmen everywhere that its object is to liberate and not to conquer France.
This is the second undeclared war which the United States has fought with France. During the Franco-English hostilities which followed the French Revolution, both France and England violated American neutral rights at sea. The difficulties with England were assuaged by the Jay Treaty of 1794, in which the United States in effect acquiesced in the English course of action in return for English willingness to arbitrate American claims for damages. The French resented not only the Jay Treaty, but also the refusal of the United States to join in the war against England, under the terms of the Franco-American offensive-defense treaty of alliance in 1778.
In June and July of 1798, Congress suspended all trade relations with France – authorized American ships to oppose search by any armed French ship – abrogated all treaties with France – authorized American ships to attack any armed French ship on the high seas.
The resulting war continued for more than two years, concentrating in the West Indies. The outstanding single engagement was the capture of Insurgents by the Constellation. The bulk of the fighting was between privateers, and in most of these encounters American vessels had the better of it. A peace treaty with France was signed in September 1800.
This is not the only undeclared war which the United States has fought. A naval war was fought, from 1801 to 1805, with the Barbary states of North Africa. The United States Congress authorized acts of hostility without actually declaring war, although in 1801 the Pasha of Tripoli had formally declared war against the United States. In the renewal of this conflict during 1815, Congress formally recognized that the Bey of Algiers had opened “predatory war” on the United States.
The Mexican government insisted that the United States waged an undeclared war against Mexico in 1914-16, when American forces occupied the port of Vera Cruz over armed opposition from Mexican troops and an American expedition under Gen. Pershing pursued the bandit Villa deep into Mexican soil despite the protest of the Mexican government. And it was in effect undeclared war in 1940 when President Roosevelt ordered the Navy to fire at sight on German raiders and submarines found in “our defensive waters.”
Reports from Africa indicate that if Gen. Giraud joins the expedition against the Vichy colonies in Africa, he may be recognized as head of a French government in exile. Nothing quite like this ever has occurred in United States history, but then the United States has never before been confronted by a situation in which two-thirds of a country lay under foreign yoke while one-third of it tried to do business at the old stand.
Theaters told to give people ‘feel of war’
Ban on double features for duration also urged by OWI official
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Red Cross workers safe
Washington –
All American Red Cross personnel in occupied France are safe and well, Chairman Norman H. Davis has been advised by cable. Under arrangements made with the State Department, 16 Red Cross representatives who have been supervising the distribution of supplies to French children are expected to remain with the U.S. diplomatic personnel in France and to be repatriated eventually with them.