60 Japanese planes raid U.S. island in Manila Bay
But Army reports ‘no material damage’ after 5-hour attack; MacArthur continues land resistance
By Mack Johnson, United Press staff writer
WASHINGTON (UP) – A Japanese force of at least 60 bombers struck for five hours at Corregidor Island, U.S. stronghold commanding the entrance to Manila Bay, but inflicted “no material damage” to the island’s fortifications, the War Department reported today.
The Department’s communique, covering advices received up to 9:30 a.m. EST, indicated that the invading forces – already in possession of Manila and the naval base at Cavite – now are unleashing the full power of their attack on Corregidor.
Corregidor is the anchor point of the consolidated American and Filipino forces under Gen. Douglas MacArthur, which have withdrawn into a comparatively small area northwest of Manila.
Defenders killed
The attack by Japanese planes occurred yesterday and cost the defenders 13 killed and 35 wounded.
At least three Japanese planes were shot down, added to four destroyed in a previous attack on Corregidor.
The communique said that with consolidation of our forces in new positions, “organized resistance to Japanese attacks will be intensified.” It reported “a marked lessening of enemy ground attacks.”
Location not announced
There was no mention of exactly where the consolidated forces are now located, but a Tokyo broadcast said the bulk of the defenders are on the 30-mile-long Bataan Peninsula, on the northwest shore of Manila Bay. Corregidor is just off the southern tip of the peninsula.
The communique, coupled with the Tokyo broadcast, indicated that Gen. MacArthur, commandant of the defending forces, is making his stand in the Bataan area – a mountainous region not well suited to land attacks by modern mechanized armies.
The communique noted that despite the lessening of ground attacks, “enemy airplanes were active in the region occupied by our ground forces.”
This would indicate the Japanese realize that if MacArthur’s forces are to be blasted off Bataan, much of the job must be done from the air.
Second in week
Yesterday’s raid on Corregidor was the second large-scale bombing of the island bastion reported by the War Department this week. Earlier, a formation of enemy bombers killed 27 soldiers and wounded 80 others in an extensive raid which cost the enemy at least four bombers, shot down by anti-aircraft fire.
MacArthur’s comparatively small band of heroic defenders were expected to wage a last-ditch stand on Bataan, rather than retire to inland mountains for guerilla warfare. Last night the War Department reported that the Japanese were pressing forward with “increasing intensity” despite the fact that MacArthur’s strategy had put his men in a position to make the Japanese pay dearly in men and equipment for every mile they advanced.
Observers here believed that the continued pressure by the Japanese, after they had entered undefended Manila and had taken control of the previously evacuated Cavite Navy Yard, meant that they would attempt to break the backbone of organized resistance in Luzon, if not in the entire Philippine area.
Unofficial quarters earlier had expressed belief that the Japanese might ease the pressure when they had backed the American and Filipino defenders into a comparatively small area and shift some of their forces to the Singapore theater.
It is believed that the Japanese, heavily reinforced by cavalry, tanks and other equipment, now have more than a dozen divisions – an estimated 250,000 to 300,000 men – on Luzon Island.
The Navy revealed that American warships were not inactive in the Pacific. A spokesman said that while he had no information on Japanese claims of attacks on American warships, he could confirm that U.S. naval vessels were cooperating with the Dutch and British in the Far East.
Renders Cavite useless to foe
Netherlands Minister Alexander Loudon said, incidentally, after a conference with President Roosevelt last night that the Dutch needed “planes, planes and more planes” to continue their offensive tactics against the Japanese.
The definite area in which the Luzon fighting is taking place has not been revealed. The broad front, however, extends north from the shore of Manila Bay, and includes the peninsular province of Bataan and probably some of the province of Zambales to the north, and portions of Pampanga Province to the east.
The Washington Merry-Go-Round
By Drew Pearson and Robert S. Allen
WASHINGTON – Here is the inside story on what happened in all the fuss and furore over the Free French seizure of the two tiny North Atlantic islands of St. Pierre-Miquelon.
The story illustrates a very important point: That U.S.-British foreign policy has got to pull closer together in the future, and that State Department officials might have thought twice about slapping British policy in the face – especially at a time when Winston Churchill was sitting in the White House working on plans for closer Anglo-American coordination.
The crux of the situation was that the radio stations on these two French islands long have been suspected of giving information to Vichy – and then to Berlin – on British convoys crossing the North Atlantic; also on Britain-bound bombers hopping off from Newfoundland.
French fishing vessels from St. Pierre-Miquelon cruise all over the Newfoundland banks and are in an excellent position to observe Allied activity in this vital part of the Atlantic. More recently, Nazi submarines have been prowling closer to U.S. shores and it was suspected they might be getting information – or even supplies – from the fishing vessels.
So the British gave the nod to Gen. de Gaulle to move into the islands. In fact they even let his associate, Vice Adm. Muselier, take three French corvettes to do the job. There was no great secret about it, for Adm. Muselier stopped in Canada to talk to Canadian Naval Minister Angus MacDonald and also picked up some American newspapermen to witness the taking over of the two islands.
‘Free’ French
However, on the morning Adm. Muselier placed the Free French flag on St. Pierre-Miquelon, Secretary Hull, getting the news at his breakfast table, hurried to the State Department and approved a statement castigating the “so-called” Free French.
This upset the British considerably, because they had been encouraging the French people to think of the Free French not as a “so-called” government, but as a government more truly free and representative of the French people than Vichy.
Also it upset the Jugoslavs, the Dutch, the Greeks and a lot of other “so-called” governments which have been maintaining headquarters in London and have been calling themselves the real governments of their countries – even though in exile.
However, Secretary Hull seemed to be even more upset than the British. He had made a deal with Vichy’s Adm. Robert in Martinique a few days before, by which Adm. Robert was to keep an eye on St. Pierre-Miquelon. And he felt this agreement should be kept, So, his Tennessee dander up. Mr. Hull cabled U.S. Ambassador Winant in London to take up the matter with the British government.
Ambassador Winant. in tum, went to Malcolm MacDonald, Minister of Colonies, who was upset that the United States and Britain should be working at cross-purposes, and telephoned his friend Lord Beaverbrook back in Washington to have Mr. Churchill straighten the matter out with President Roosevelt.
By that time, Sam Reber, in the State Department, had telephoned R. E. Barclay of the British embassy wanting to know what the British were up to and every Anglo-American coordinator seemed to be in every other Anglo-American coordinator’s hair.
What the President said to his Secretary of State is their secret, but in the end Mr. Hull adopted a milder tone toward the Free French and is working out a compromise agreement with the Canadians.
The crux of the controversy, of course, is that Mr. Hull still believes in appeasing Vichy and the British gave that up long ago.
The British say that Gen. de Gaulle did most of the fighting for the Allied cause in Syria, while Vichy, in resisting killed many British troops. So they are going to stick with De Gaulle.
Churchill’s peanuts
Winston Churchill didn’t drop in on the President when he returned to the White House after his smash-hit speech to Congress. Neither did he immediately resume his crowded schedule of conferences.
The first thing the Prime Minister did was buy a bag of peanuts.
Then Mr. Churchill walked out into the garden behind the Executive Mansion and fed the squirrels, for which, like Falla, the President’s dog, the Prime Minister developed a great fondness.
Not until the bag of peanuts was emptied did Mr. Churchill plunge once more into the turbulent business of war.
Moe Annenberg
After being rebuffed twice by the Parole Board, Moe Annenberg, publisher of the Philadelphia Inquirer and The Racing Form, is trying a new strategy to get himself out of the Federal pen for tax dodging.
He is trying to drum up public support for his release.
Those conducting the drive are agencies which distribute newspapers and magazines to newsstands throughout the United States. Director of the drive is Joseph Ottenstein, who owns many of these news agencies, some of them in cooperation with Annenberg.
To launch the drive, a meeting was held in Harrisburg, Pa., December 26-27 attended by 27 officers of leading eastern news dealers, Mr. Ottenstein is planning similar meetings in the south, west, and Pacific Coast.
Those attending the Harrisburg gathering were asked to sign a petition urging Annenberg’s release on the ground that in this war period he would be serving the country better at his desk as publisher of his big Philadelphia newspaper than in prison.
NOTE: Arthur D. Wood, chairman of the Parole Board, asked if “public demand” would influence its action said, “A big shot isn’t shown any more consideration than an unknown prisoner, Paroles are based on various factors – a prisoner’s case history, his social attitude, his general behavior, reaction to custodial treatment, and ability to find employment.”
McLemore: Those New Year’s headaches Americans missed will belong to Axis powers eventually
By Henry McLemore
NEW ORLEANS – This year, for the first time since January 1, 1919, the average American greeted the New Year with a head that fits him.
For the first time in 23 years, his neat, well-rounded size 7½ noggin didn’t feel like a size 16 that was occupied by industrious little riveters and tiny Swiss bell ringers, who liked their work so much they didn’t even take time off for lunch.
For the first time since the last war ended, he greeted the arrival of the New Year in a sane, solemn way. He rang a bell or two, and lifted a drink or two, just for old times’ sake, but he didn’t care much about it. His thoughts were not on having a good time for himself, but on the thought that in 1942 his country will have perhaps the gravest days in its history, and that he, the average American, wanted to be ready to help, even if the call came early on New Year’s Day, a time normally reserved for trying the 10,001 hangover nostrums suggested by loving friends.
My statement that Americans observed the passing of the Old Year and the coming of the New in comparative quiet is based on what happened here in New Orleans. New Orleans is a good yardstick with which to measure New Year’s Eve celebrations throughout the country. This is a town where fun and frivolity maintain a permanent residence.
Boisterous put aside
If folk are quiet and earnest in New Orleans on a holiday, you may rest assured that folk in Wilkes-Barre, Butte, Phoenix, and waypoints are, too. And the New Orleans folk were. Nothing depressing, mind you. No mourning was worn. No one went around sowing wet blankets, so to speak, but there was a feeling in the air, a feeling that for the time being, going through the motions of making merry was quite enough.
The German mind, the Italian mind, and the Japanese mind, perhaps will overlook the significance of Americans taking New Year’s Eve in stride. The chances are the Axis powers will place no importance whatsoever on the fact that the citizens of this country deliberately and willingly put aside boisterous merriment as 1941 dropped into the mists and handed the baton of time to 1942.
But it’s awfully important. This country hates to give up its fun. No nation on earth ever liked to raise hell as much as this one does.
Pinnacle in headaches
The New Year’s Eve headache, hangover and jitters were brought to full flower by the citizens of this country. Other nations did their best to create a national migraine, but their best was a poor second to the American aching head.
We took a pride in feeling the worst on New Year’s Day. From Key West to the Far West, and up and down the seaboard and through the plains of the Midwest, this country gave midnight of New Year’s Eve the full and complete treatment.
We made more noise, stayed up later, and had more fun, than the citizens of any other country.
But not this New Year’s Eve.
Wake, Guam, Pearl Harbor, Singapore, Hong Kong. They were in our minds.
So were the thoughts of what lay ahead in 1942. There must be revenge for the Marines who held out to the last, the ships that went to the bottom, the planes that had to fight against impossible odds. There must be production – production that will make it possible to avenge Manila. There must be bonds bought and taxes paid to pay for the production.
There was but one real New Year’s resolution made by Americans. The old ones about smoking, drinking and saving money were forgotten. This New Year’s Eve found us pledging that to the best of our abilities we would act and think as Americans before us did when the country was in peril.
A Happy New Year to you all, and isn’t it nice to know that the headaches we missed Thursday eventually will belong to the Axis?
Single plant may produce cars for U.S.
Civilian motorists facing seizure of autos by government
WASHINGTON (UP) – The government may authorize one comparatively small plant to continue producing autos after the present assembly lines are halted about January 31, it was said today.
The plant would produce cars only for the government, for the lend-lease program and for essential civilian users. The average man still would be unable to buy a new auto.
Defense officials believed that the estimated 650,000-car stockpile will be rationed in about a year and some production will be needed to meet demands over a three to four-year war period.
To augment stocks
Present stocks of 450,000 cars frozen in the hands of dealers will be augmented by 200,000 cars to be produced this month from already fabricated parts. Production of new parts was frozen on December 10, but the industry already had a 213-million-dollar materials and parts inventory. Only 100 million dollars will be used in the January new car assembly job and the remainder will be held for replacements.
If no new car production were available for rationing in 1943, the government would be forced to commandeer civilian autos. Price Administrator Leon Henderson said yesterday that such a step was “one of the gloomy possibilities” of a long war.
Under the single-plant production being considered by OPM, all existing auto companies would share in the operations and would retain their trade names. The plan may be broadened to include producers of washing machines and other consumer durable goods which face drastic curtailments.
Criticizes OPM
Meantime, in full-page newspaper advertisements here and in New York, the CIO criticized the Office of Production Management for failure to convert the auto industry to war materials production many months ago.
The letter was addressed to “Mr. OPM” and signed by CIO President Philip Murray, and President R. J. Thomas and Secretary-Treasurer George F. Addes of the United Auto, Aircraft and Agriculture Implement Workers. It charged that half of the nation’s auto plants were closed and that virtually all of them will be by the end of January.
Says plan given
It said that a “simple, practical plan” for utilizing auto producing, facilities for plane production was drafted by Walter P. Reuther and other members of the Auto Workers’ Union and referred to the OPM for study more than a year ago. The OPM, it was charged, did nothing about the plan nor did it act on similar proposals to increase production of steel, aluminum, copper and other vital materials.
At the same time, President L. Clare Cargile of the National Auto Dealers Association, launching a “nationwide fight to prevent wholesale bankruptcy among dealers” said the OPM’s order banning new car sales would ruin many small dealers.
Plan drafted
Defense officials said that a three-point plan for the immediate conversion of auto plants to war work has been drafted for approval of a joint government-industry-labor meeting to be held here Monday. The plan would:
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Pool engineering and production techniques for speediest production of planes, tanks, guns, ammunition, trucks and other equipment.
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Increase award of contracts to the industry immediately on an actual or “letter of intent” basis.
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Form a labor-management steering committee to supervise the industry’s conversion and consequent full war output.
Mr. Henderson said that the OPA has held conferences with used car dealers and “is prepared” to fix prices on all used cars if necessary.
OPM officials disclosed that large supplies of rubber will be made available to tire companies for retreading and recapping. Later, however, it may be necessary to ration used and reconditioned tires.
Champagne-Pheasant meal precedes 2 poison deaths
Bodies of business executive, beauty operator are found in private Chicago dining room
CHICAGO (UP) – Clare S. McArdle, 49, St. Louis business executive. and Mrs. Nancy Wassman, 35, Chicago beauty operator, were found poisoned to death early today in a Gold Coast restaurant on Chicago’s Near North Side.
A woman’s compact. containing white crystals which were believed poisonous, was found on the window sill of the private dining room where the bodies were found shortly after midnight.
The couple entered the restaurant at 8 last night, ordered a pheasant dinner and asked that they be left undisturbed. Gino Moresi, a waiter, said he served them a bottle of champagne at 10:45 p.m. and returned to find them dead two hours later.
Calls doctor
The manager, Teddie Majeuris, summoned Dr. O. G. Stark, who said they appeared to have died of cyanide poisoning.
McArdle, father of a 16-year-old girl, was vice president and sales manager of the Missouri Portland Cement Co. At his home in suburban Clayton, Mo., his wife, Lucille, said he had left St. Louis yesterday on a business trip.
Mrs. Wassman was divorced six years ago.
Lt. Philip O’Neil interviewed Mrs. Wassman’s brother-in-law, Walter Prill, with whom she lived. Mr. Prill reported Mrs. Wassman, a pretty brunet, had known McArdle for about five years, Lt. O’Neil said, and that she recently had been despondent. He said she was a native of Hungary and had lived in the United States for 19 years.
Fugitive slayer, 16, surrenders in cold
LITTLE FALLS, Minnesota (UP) – Richard Dehler, 16-year-old slayer of four, returned to a warm cell today and blamed an accomplice for a jail break which gave him 24 hours of freedom before frigid temperatures drove him into the arms of police.
Police said the youth, who confessed murdering his father, mother, sister and brother and setting the family home afire December 19, appeared confused and cold when he was recaptured last night.
He had escaped from the Morrison County Jail the preceding night with his cellmate, Theodore Grest, 41. Police reported today that a posse had surrounded Grest in a swamp.
The two escaped from jail when Grest allegedly slugged Sheriff William Butcher with a blackjack made of a stocking and a salt shaker.
Task for industry cited by Patterson
WASHINGTON (UP) --Under Secretary of War Robert P. Patterson said yesterday that all of American industry must “obediently” begin a 24-hour day, seven-day work week schedule to crush Hitlerism.
All of America was to blame for this country’s unpreparedness, he said in a radio speech and “it is against a background of our experience and mistakes that we chart our course for the future.”
He said one of the greatest tasks confronting industry is the rapid conversion of existing facilities to war manufacture and the broadest utilization of all facilities – big and small – for the manufacture of munitions.
“The brunt of the new load which faces us will have to be borne by factories accustomed to production of civilian goods,” he continued. “Many of these factories will have to drop what they have been doing and, with the tools which they have, becomes arsenals in our fight for freedom.”
3 women questioned in New York killing
NEW YORK (UP) – Police questioned three women today about the slaying of Francis X. Belley, head waiter at Leon and Eddie’s famous Broadway night club.
As a suspect, they hunted a man whose apartment showed evidence of precipitate flight.
The body of Mr. Belley was found last night by his widow. It was lying across a bed in his apartment, in a pool of drying blood. A medical examiner said his skull had been fractured several times and there was a wound in his neck.
Mr. Belley was last seen at the club New Year’s morning. His wife had gone to the hospital the previous day and he had promised to take her home yesterday. Unable to get the telephone in the apartment answered, she called her brother and they discovered the body.
Washington minister hits War Department poster
Rev. Albert J. McCartney calls official propaganda picture ‘an outrageous insult’
WASHINGTON (RNS) – Describing the War Department’s first war poster as “an outrageous insult to the cause for which we are asked to give our sons, and to the American way of life,” the Rev. Albert Joseph McCartney, pastor of the Covenant-First Presbyterian Church of Washington, has asked President Roosevelt to withdraw the poster from circulation.
Dr. McCartney’s letter to the president follows:
“My Dear Mr. President:
“Attention is called to the ‘first official United States war poster,’ which represents five apelike figures in German uniform, grotesque and bestial fares and wide open mouths singing the Horst Wessel song and the subtitle, ‘O Yeah?’ I wonder whose confused and depraved mind conceived the picture and who in the department was ‘not on the alert,’ to allow its release.
“Is this the plan on which we are to ask our sons to wage the struggle for the defense of Christian civilization and the principles of human dignity about which we have been so eloquent in recent years? Nothing in Hitler’s ministry of propaganda of hate or the Communist posers in the anti-God museum in Moscow is worse than this. If we can’t win this struggle for light and liberty without appealing to blind, malignant fears and hatreds, which have already so strewn this world with so much sorrow and desolation, we might as well ‘let them some and take it.’
“No doubt it is just things as these and the calling of ugly names across the waters that have gotten us where we are. I know that I speak the sentiment of thousands.
“I realize that, involved as you are at present, with so many pressing concerns, this letter has little chance of ever falling under your attention, but perhaps, through some channel. It may reach effective sources and my appeal to you sir, is that orders be immediately sent out countermanding and withdrawing the circulation of his poster which is an outrageous insult to the cause for which we are asked to give our sons, and to the American way of life.”
Religious programs increase
Survey shows Southern churches use radio frequently
JOHNSON CITY, Tennessee (RNS) – The outbreak of war, coupled with a growing realization of the radio’s coverage of the people, is bringing a marked increase in the number of religious services being broadcast, at least in this region, a survey made here has shown.
Radio stations throughout this section, including Upper East Tennessee, Western North Carolina and Southwest Virginia, are selling “more time than ever” not only to evangelists, but to stationed Protestant pastors. Fully 75 percent of the churches with membership of 250 or more in this section either buy time regularly for pastoral sermons, pay for announcements as to time of services, etc., or sponsor singing organizations which “plug” the names of the churches, according to station program directors.
“The number of religious programs locally has jumped since the outbreak of war because many ministers seem to believe this is the time to call the people back to God,” one program announcer declared. “Others say they are looking for a great religious revival to follow the spilling of blood by our boys, and still others say that they believe our people need more gospel, i.e., ‘good news’ over the radio to quiet fears.
“Whatever the reason, we have had a sharp Increase in the number of programs and have had inquiries from pastors indicating that others are thinking of taking to the air. Perhaps this is because the radio-preacher these days, in many cases, builds the biggest flock the quickest, too.”
Puerto Rico citizens observe long holiday
Christmas season will not end until Tuesday; people celebrate three weeks
By Gordon Goodnow, Religious News Service correspondent
SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico (RNS) – The absence of snow and chimneys does not stop Santa Claus from making his annual visit to Puerto Rico where the holiday season is a three-week affair which ends January 6 on what is known as Three Kings Day, or the Feast of the Epiphany.
During the first nine days of the celebration, devout Puerto Ricans worship at special pre-Christmas dawn masses in the ancient Spanish churches throughout the island.
At night during this period the people assemble in the old squares that mark the center of every city and town to sing “aguinaldos,” or inspirational carols. This time-honored custom dates back to the early settlers who accompanied Don Juan Ponce de Leon, the first governor of Puerto Rico, who was on his quest for the fabulous “Fountain of Youth.”
Popular story
One of the most popular aguinaldos deals with Three Kings Day and tells how the Three Kings, the familiar Three Wise Men of the Bible, come quietly to the bedroom of sleeping children and kiss them and select gifts for them. They choose toys for the little boys and dolls for the girls and the Three Kings fill the shoes of the sleeping children with all these things and go away, no one knows where.
Until the American occupation in 1898 all Puerto Rican children, on the night of January 5, following Spanish tradition, placed grass in small boxes on their doorsteps as food for the camels of the Three Kings traveling under the Star of Bethlehem to the stable where lay the Christ Child. This custom, although curtailed in many places, still is carried on in hundreds of Puerto Rican homes.
Christmas on December 25, according to the old Spanish version, had nothing to do with gift-giving. The sacred day was devoted exclusively to church-going, feasting and carol singing.
Two Christmas days
The coming of the Americanos to the mountainous island gave the children of Puerto Rico a double Christmas. This newer Yule day required a number of years to become traditional, but Puerto Rican children of recent generations have learned to expect (and usually receive) gifts on December 25 as well as January 6.
Puerto Rican mothers and fathers have become resigned to this double celebration for the children. They shrug Latin shoulders and give until it hurts.
Christmas in Puerto Rico is a “double feature” and the ones who object the least are the children.
Churches will not abandon relief work abroad because of the war
NEW YORK (RNS) – The war has caused no curtailment of church relief work abroad, Dr. Leslie Bates Moss, director of the Committee on Foreign Relief Appeals in the Churches, announced here.
Groups affiliated with the Committee include the War Prisoners Aid of the YMCA, the Church Committee for China Relief, the American Friends Service Committee, the International Missionary Council, and the American Bible Society.
In many instances, said Dr. Moss, the spread of war was anticipated sufficiently to send considerable sums of money overseas.
Citing the Church Committee for China Relief as an example, Dr. Moss stated that the committee had only recently transmitted $150,000 to representatives in West China.
All belligerent nations, he added, have assured the War Prisoners Aid body that their work will be permitted to continue and even after war was declared the U.S. Treasury Department provided the American Friends Service Committee with licenses to send 3,000,000 francs abroad.
“The declaration of war,” said Dr. Moss, “has not stopped the relief program of any of these agencies. Church people can continue to give their money in good confidence that it will bring a ministry of mercy, and help to untold numbers of men and women and children who have nowhere else to look for the bare necessities of life.”
Among all groups, he said, there is “a feeling that dislocation of program is temporary and probably of brief duration.”
Church sets war policies
Pastors and elders issue statement
RACINE, Wisconsin (RNS) – Because of the war Rev. Francis P. Ihrman and elders of the First Presbyterian Church here have adopted a statement of faith and policy.
No mention of the physical aspects of war are to be made in the church, which will be open daily at 5:10 p.m. for special prayer and silent devotion.
The statement in relation to the war follows:
“1. We believe in the United States of America and her cause.
“2. We believe in doing our utmost for her welfare.
“3. We believe in God as the ruler and creator of the universe, and in Jesus Christ His Son, our Savior, and in the Holy Spirit who abides with us.
“4. We believe that through the warship of, and in the service of our God, we shall become more valuable citizens in the service of our country.
“Therefore, we propose:
“1. To maintain our Sunday service for worship and spiritual strengthening, to fit us more fully for the days of the week.
“2. To avoid at such services discussion of the war, its conduct, its cost and such other phases which have not the spiritual or moral tone.
“3. To dedicate ourselves anew to God and country.
“4. To unite our hearts in prayer to the God of our lives for an early and just peace.
“5. To set aside a time each day when our united prayers shall ascend to God with a special prayer offered in the sanctuary at 5:10 p.m.
“6. To open our doors to all who will unite in that special daily prayer, and in silent devotion.”
